Baudin's white-eared black cockatoo
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Baudin's white-eared black cockatoo ( Calyptorhynchus baudinii ) |
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| Lear , 1832 |
Baudin's white-eared black cockatoo ( Calyptorhynchus baudinii ) is a species of parrot native to Australia . It is very similar to Carnaby's white-eared black cockatoo . However, it has a narrower beak with a conspicuously elongated tip. Baudin's white-eared black cockatoos, like the palm cockatoos, can not close their beak in such a way that both halves of their beak are completely on top of one another. The beak only touches at the tip of the elongated lower mandible. The two species also differ in their range. Baudin's white-eared black cockatoo is found in regions with higher rainfall in southwestern Australia.
Appearance
Baudin's white-eared black cockatoos reach a body length of 56 centimeters and a weight between 620 and 760 grams. This makes them one of the larger parrot species in Australia.
The plumage of Baudin's white-eared black cockatoo is gray-black. The feathers of the body plumage are lined with gray and white. As is characteristic of black cockatoos , the outer tail-feathers have a cross-band that differs in color from the rest of the body's plumage. This is white in Baudin's white-eared black cockatoo.
A sexual dimorphism exists especially in the beak. Males have gray-black beaks, while that of the females is horn-colored with a dark-gray tip. The eye ring is pink to flesh-colored in the male. Females, on the other hand, have a gray eye ring. The iris is dark brown in both sexes.
Distribution area and habitat
The range of Baudin's white-eared black cockatoo is the extreme southwest of Australia. It stretches from the Darling Range to Albany in the south. Their habitat are forested and relatively rainy areas. According to previous knowledge, they only use the two eucalyptus species Eucalyptus diversicolor and Eucalyptus calophylla as a breeding tree. The importance of Eucalyptus calophylla is significantly less than that of Eucalyptus diversicolor . No breeding attempts can be detected where these tree species are not found.
Apart from the cockatoos that live in the forests in the extreme southwest, Baudin's white-eared black cockatoos show a migratory movement. They leave their breeding area after the breeding season in a northerly and easterly direction. However, they do not leave the range of Eucalyptus calophylla , which is an essential food crop for this species.
Outside of the breeding season, Carnaby's white-eared black cockatoos are also found in the range of Baudin's white-eared black cockatoos. During this time, both species occasionally form common schools. Unlike its close relative, Carnaby's white-eared black-tailed cockatoo, Baudin's white-eared cockatoo does not eat seeds from the introduced pine species. But he also occasionally spends time on orchards and farmland.
Duration
The population of Baudin's white-eared black cockatoo was between 5,000 and 25,000 individuals in the 1970s. However, the ornithologist Joseph M. Forshaw , who specializes in Australian parrots, points out that such population figures are of little significance for such a long-lived species. In his opinion, more Baudin's white-eared black cockatoos are shot every year than regrow. The Australian authorities continue to issue shooting permits, as this species can cause considerable damage in orchards.
behavior
Outside the breeding season, Baudin's white-eared black cockatoo can be seen in small flocks. During this time, they occasionally socialize with Banks' Black Cockatoos . The flocks often contain 30 to 40 birds. During the breeding season, they stay individually, in pairs or in small family groups. These consist of the two adult parent birds and one young bird.
Preferred foods are the seeds of Eucalyptus calophylla . They also ingest wood-boring insects. This cockatoo species lifts the eucalyptus seeds out of the capsules with its elongated beak tip. They also eat seeds from screw trees and from Dyandra species. They also ingest grass seeds and seeds of other, low-growing plant species and therefore come to the ground to forage.
Relatively little is known about the reproduction of Baudin's white-eared black cockatoos, as only a few nests have been found so far. According to observations on captive birds, the breeding period lasts 28 days. It is only incubated by the female. The young leave the nest box around 10 weeks of age.
supporting documents
Individual evidence
literature
- Joseph M. Forshaw , illustrated by William T. Cooper: Australian Parrots. 1st German-language edition. Volume 1: Cockatoos and Lories. Arndt-Verlag, Bretten 2003, ISBN 978-3-9808245-1-4 .
Web links
- Zanda baudinii inthe IUCN 2013 Red List of Threatened Species . Listed by: BirdLife International, 2012. Retrieved December 26, 2013.