Benteng Pendem
Benteng Pendem (Indonesian for underground fort) is a former Dutch fortification in Cilacap , Central Java . The fort was built between 1861 and 1879 to defend the port of Cilacap. It was opened to the public in 1987 and is now the main tourist attraction in the region. The pentagonal area is 6.5-10.5 hectares in size and is built with original buildings such as the barracks, a hospital and the prison as well as later extensions. It belongs to the Cultural properties of Indonesia . There is a 500 m long moat that is 5 m wide and 3 m deep, as well as 11 former cannon stands.
building
There is a 113 m long tunnel with four entrances, a barracks building with 14 casemates and 330 m long fortification walls. These structures are made of plastered brick and were buried under a 3 m thick layer of earth, from which the fort got its name. From a distance the buildings look like hills. They are generally in poor condition from exposure to the elements, particularly seawater and moisture. Some buildings have not yet been excavated, including a tunnel that is believed to lead to Nusa Kambangan .
history
According to the Babad Banyumas , the Javanese monarch Pakubuwono IV had the fort built in the 19th century. The coastal bastion on the peninsula of Cilacap (Dutch Kustbatterij op de Landtong te Tjilatjap ), now called Benteng Pendem , was built in 1861 and opened in 1879.
During the Second World War from 1942 to 1945, Benteng Pendem was occupied by the Japanese and held until the end of the Indonesian War of Independence . From 1952 to 1965 it was used by the Indonesian army. It then fell into a very dilapidated state.
It was partially excavated in 1986. Other parts are covered with an oil store. In 1987 it was opened to tourism. In 2002 and 2005, some very dilapidated areas were fenced off.
proof
- Benteng Pendem Cilacap ( Indonesian ) Center for the Preservation of Cultural Properties, Central Java. March 10, 2014. Archived from the original on April 5, 2015. Retrieved April 5, 2015.
- Gregorius Magnus Finesso: Benteng Pendem Memendam Sejuta Keunikan (Indonesian) . In: Kompas , May 28, 2012. Archived from the original on April 5, 2015. Retrieved April 5, 2015.
- Nanang Anna Nurani: Benteng Pendem: Sejarah Perjuangan Rakyat Cilacap ( Indonesian ) Indosiar. 2012. Archived from the original on April 5, 2015. Retrieved on April 5, 2015.
- Angling Adhitya Purbaya: Misteri di Benteng Cilacap (Indonesian) . In: Detik.com , September 1, 2014. Archived from the original on April 5, 2015. Retrieved April 5, 2015.
- Teguh Wicaksono: Dicekam Seram di Benteng Pendem (Indonesian) . In: National Geographic Traveler , September 2013. Archived from the original on April 5, 2015. Retrieved April 5, 2015.
Web links
Coordinates: 7 ° 44 ′ 57.1 ″ S , 109 ° 1 ′ 1.5 ″ E