Company information system
An operational information system ( . English Enterprise Information System (short: EIS )) is an information system whose primary role is the operational functions data efficiently to provide.
There are different approaches to creating a company information system:
Function-oriented approach
In the function-oriented implementation of an operational information system, the operational functions (e.g. purchasing) are considered first. Data structures are now determined for each function , which are reflected in separate databases .
Since the data for all different functions have to be saved separately, the consequence of such a realization is redundancy . This also leads to difficulties in ensuring integrity . The cross-functional evaluation of the data is made more difficult. Complex updates must ensure the synchronization of the data.
Data-oriented approach
In the case of the data-oriented implementation of a company information system, on the other hand, the data that are relevant for the examined company functions are initially considered function-independent. A global conceptual data model is therefore aimed for, which is reflected in a common database .
In this way, redundancy is avoided, integrity assurance is facilitated, and system stability is increased.
The database is managed by a database management system (DBMS).
Business process-oriented approach
Nowadays, before the introduction of an operational information system that includes the entire company ( ERP ), the so-called business process re-engineering is carried out. The aim is to create a company model that covers all of a company's business processes.
Since the suppliers and customers are increasingly involved in modern forms of logistics ( JIT , Kanban ), the processes are processed by different people in different places at different times. It is therefore necessary to align the information systems with the business processes.
Components
In business information systems, several subcategories can be distinguished. The following breakdown is often chosen.
- Administration and disposition systems (systems of operational application)
- Management systems (systems for decision-making and planning support)
- Cross-sectional systems (cross-departmental auxiliary systems, e.g. for communication, office programs)