Organic seeds

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The terms organic seeds , organic seeds or organic seeds called seed or vegetative propagating material of plants, according to the guidelines of organic farming was work increased. As an independent form of agriculture, organic farming has been striving for an independent supply of organic seeds since the 1970s.

description

In various places, especially in Germany, Switzerland, Austria and France, more and more seeds have been brought onto the market in recent years that were only propagated on organic farms. This now includes not only one-off propagation on an organic farm, but also the care and preservation of the varieties, right through to the development of new, independent varieties developed under organic conditions. In organic farming , the quantities of nutrients available are limited, the nutrient dynamics in the course of the year are different, the competition between weeds is stronger and the natural defenses of seeds and plants are promoted by doing without chemical-synthetic sprays and artificial fertilizers. That is why varieties are needed that are suitable for these conditions. The so-called organic varieties are grown under organic conditions from the start. They were specially developed for organic farming and optimally adapted to it. This is in contrast to conventional plant breeding, which only insufficiently takes these needs into account.

In the case of grain , too , organic farming often places different demands on the varieties than conventional agriculture . There are now numerous varieties of wheat, spelled, rye, oats and barley that have been grown exclusively under organic conditions and are adapted to them. It has been shown that when grown under organic conditions, they often perform better than comparable conventional varieties in terms of yield, taste and baking properties.

Alternative to hybrids

As an alternative to the dominance of hybrids in today's plant breeding , almost exclusively non- seed and therefore reproducible varieties are being developed. In general, the classic methods of plant breeding , especially crossing and selection , are used in the breeding of organic seeds . In order to get results, in contrast to modern plant breeding, one must reckon with 8-10 or more plant generations.

EU requirements

A new EU organic regulation came into force on January 1, 2009 , which stipulates, among other things, that conventional seeds may only be used if it can be proven that no organic seeds are available. The availability of organic seeds is recorded in official, national databases (OrganicXseeds). Only when the database shows that no organic seed is available from the desired crop, exemption permits for the use of conventional seeds are possible.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. http://orgprints.org/2386/1/arncken-2004-biofach-saatgut.pdf
  2. http://www.kultursaat.org/
  3. Biologically dynamic plant breeding ( Memento from July 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  4. GZPK. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; accessed on July 20, 2019 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.getreidezuechtung.ch
  5. http://www.bdp-online.de/de/Pflanzenzuechtung/Methods/Kreuzung_und_Auslese/
  6. Regulation (EC) No. 889/2008 of the Commission of September 5, 2008 with implementing provisions for Regulation (EC) No. 834/2007 of the Council on organic production and the labeling of organic products with regard to organic Production, labeling and control
  7. http://orgprints.org/2386/1/arncken-2004-biofach-saatgut.pdf