Bliss symbol
Bliss symbol | ||
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Project author | Charles K. Bliss | |
speaker | - | |
Linguistic classification |
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particularities | Exists only in written form | |
Language codes | ||
ISO 639 -1 |
- |
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ISO 639 -2 |
zbl |
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ISO 639-3 |
zbl |
Bliss symbols are one of Charles K. Bliss developed in its basic features in the 1940s Pasigraphy , a collection of pictographic and ideographic characters . Each character represents a term , and multiple symbols can be combined to form sentences or express ideas.
Emergence
Charles Bliss was inspired by Chinese characters , which allow speakers of different languages to communicate with one another. Over a period of 40 years he designed his consistently logically structured communication system of a special font to support mutual international understanding and understanding. This graphic medium should contribute to better cooperation and understanding on an international level between people of different linguistic origins. However, this intention to make a contribution to understanding between cultures has not been fulfilled.
use
The Bliss symbol system, however, gained its meaning in a completely different field of communication and thus became known worldwide. It is one of the first systems that was used as an aid in the context of the special educational method, supported communication, for people who, as a result of motor or cognitive speech disorders, cannot or only to a very limited extent communicate with others via spoken language.
Since it was first used in 1971 at the Ontario Crippled Children's Center ( Toronto , Canada ), Bliss symbols have appeared as a means of graphically representing communication content on various types of communication boards . Computer programs and programs for speech output devices are also based on the Bliss symbol system.
structure
The symbols are defined in the BCI standard (BCI = Blissymbolic Communication International) and are made up of almost 120 basic symbols ("key symbols"). A total of almost 4500 symbols are used. Bliss is used for communication with the help of symbol boards. The user communicates by pointing to Bliss symbols in sequence (for example, by electronic selection). The communication partner reads the meanings of the symbols above in alphabetical letters. A pilot project on using Bliss on the Internet was just recently launched in Canada. Bliss texts can now be sent as electronic mail.
Examples
Example characters
face | eye | nose | teeth | ear | hair |
grass | race | Grain | rice | bush | berry |
Example sentence
An example is to illustrate how the Bliss symbols work.
- I : characters for person and 1 (for the first person singular, since no plural sign is given)
- want : heart and fire + signs for action words
- walk : two legs + sign for action words
- Cinema : House + Film (film roll in a container)
Locomotion
Other symbols are derived from the symbol for wheel , such as:
- With a short line below it means transport.
- With a long line below it means journey .
- A chair over the wheel turns the wheel into a wheelchair .
- If you give the wheel wings, you have an airplane .
literature
- Federal Association for the Physically Disabled and Multiple Disabilities V. (Hrsg.): Handbook of the BLISS symbols . Julius Groos Verlag, Heidelberg 1995, ISBN 3-87276-719-4 .
- Mélanie Maradan: Sentences full of melody: Blissymbolics . In: Interlinguistic Information ( ISSN 1430-2888 ), No. 80 (3/2011), Gesellschaft für Interlinguistik eV, Berlin 2011.
- Mélanie Maradan: From a pasigraphy to a system for assisted communication . Slides of the lecture at the 21st conference of the Society for Interlinguistics eV, Berlin November 2011.
Web links
- Blissymbolics Communication International
- Blissymbol Communication UK
- Blissymbolics Resources
- The BLISS system at a glance (PDF; 381 kB)
- Graphic symbols (comparison with other systems)