Boris Holban

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Boris Holban , born as Boris Bruhman (* 1908 ; † June 27, 2004 in Étampes ) was a Jewish-Romanian communist and French Resistance leader.

biography

Boris Holban was born Boris Bruhman in a Jewish family in Bessarabia . In 1930 he joined the then banned Romanian Communist Party (PCR) . After multiple arrests, he traveled to France in 1938 and enlisted in the French army as a foreign volunteer.

Resistance leader

After his French military service, he became leader of the FTP-MOI (Francs-tireurs et partisans - Main-d'œuvre immigrée) , the second division of the FTP , founded in Paris in 1941 , which largely comprised immigrants. He led the FTP-MOI from June 1942 to July 1943 when the Armenian Missak Manouchian took over the leadership. After Manouchian's arrest in November 1943 and the break-up of the Manouchian group, the FTP-MOI group operating in the Paris region, he took over leadership again until August 1944, when France was liberated . As leader of the FTP-MOI, he led numerous attacks against the German occupiers. Out of a total of 70 traditional actions against the occupying power of the FTP in the second half of 1942, 27 were carried out by the FTP-MOI alone. In the first half of 1943 a total of 92 actions were carried out against the occupiers, 32 of them by the FTP-MOI.

After the Second World War

After the end of World War II , he returned to Romania in 1945. He was appointed general there, but later became a victim of anti-Semitic motivated "purge" of the Romanian armed forces.

Return to France

In 1984 he returned to France, where he published his memoirs in 1989 ( Testament , 1989). In 1994 he received French citizenship and was accepted into the French Legion of Honor ( Légion d'honneur ).

controversy

In his memoirs, he denied the rumors that he played a role in the arrest of the 23 members of the Manouchian group - known as Affiche rouge - in November / December 1943.

literature

  • Boris Holban, Testament - Après quarante-cinq ans de silence, le chef militaire des FTP-MOI de Paris parle , Calmann-Lévy, 1989, ISBN 2-7021-1778-3 .
  • Arno Lustiger, To the fight to the life and death! On the resistance of the Jews in Europe 1933-1945 , Area Verlag, 2004, ISBN 3-89996-269-9 .
  • André Kaspi, Les juifs pendant l'Occupation , 1991

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Boris Holban , Encyclopaedia universalis (French, accessed October 10, 2010)
  2. ^ André Kaspi, Les juifs pendant l'Occupation , 1991, ISBN 2-02-031210-7 .
personal data
SURNAME Holban, Boris
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bruhman, Boris (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Romanian-French Resistance leader
DATE OF BIRTH 1908
DATE OF DEATH June 27, 2004
Place of death Etampes