Brecht's law
The Brechtian law (after Arnold Brecht ; he called it the law of progressive parallelism of spending and Bevölkerungsmassierung ) states that with increasing population density increase the per capita public spending. The law is therefore closely related to the concept of refined population .
In terms of financial equalization , this law justifies the fact that larger municipalities receive a disproportionately large amount of money in relation to the population (graduated population key). Such keys usually form the basis of lengthy negotiations on financial equalization.
causes
One possible explanation for Brecht's law is that large cities perform better than small ones. In addition, there are high costs there due to negative urbanization (e.g. crime).
With club goods , the greater the population density, the greater the risk of overcrowding (→ swimming pool ). In densely populated areas in particular, building land for an expansion of the facility is expensive.
However, there are also factors that counteract Brecht's law, such as the fact that there are certain fixed costs for infrastructure even in sparsely populated regions . This lowers the per capita expenditure as the population increases in the region.
Examples
A larger community has higher spending on infrastructure. Just think of the subway in big cities, local public transport is disproportionately expensive in metropolitan areas.