Oshi Castle
| Oshi Castle | ||
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![Oshi Castle, watchtower [A 1]](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Oshi_Castle_20100723-01.jpg) Oshi Castle, watchtower |
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| Creation time : | before 1500 | |
| Castle type : | Hirajiro (Lower Castle) | |
| Conservation status: | Partly reconstructed | |
| Construction: | mostly earth walls | |
| Place: | Gyōda | |
| Geographical location | 36 ° 8 '13.7 " N , 139 ° 27' 10.4" E | |
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The castle Oshi ( Japanese 忍城 , Oshi-jō ) is located in the city Gyoda , Saitama Prefecture . In the Edo period , four larger Fudai daimyo resided there one after the other , most recently a branch of the Matsudaira (Okudaira) with an income of 100,000 koku .
Lords of the castle in the Edo period
- From 1626 a branch of the Sakai with an income of 100,000 koku.
- From 1635 a branch of the Ōkōchi with 155,000 koku.
- From 1639 a branch of the Abe with 120,000 koku.
- From 1823 a branch of the Matsudaira (Okudaira) with 150,000 Koku.
history
In the Bummei time (1469–1487) there should have been a castle in Oshi. According to another tradition, it is said to have been created in 1491 by the important vassal of the Yamanouchi Uesugi family, Narita Chikayasu ( 成 田 親 奏 ; † 1545). In 1590, when Toyotomi Hideyoshi besieged Odawara Castle, Ishida Mitsunari and his people attacked Oshi Castle, which was held by Chikayasu's grandson Ujinaga ( 氏 長 ; 1542–1596), follower of the Odawara-Hōjō . Ishida tried to put the deep castle under water and to conquer it, but he did not succeed. Nevertheless, because of the defeat of the Hōjō, the rule of the Narita ended.
When Tokugawa Ieyasu received the Kantō level , Matsudaira Ietada (1548-1600) and then son of Tadayoshi (1580-1607) became lord of the castle. At the beginning of the Edo period, the castle came to Sakai Tadakatsu (1587–1662) in 1626, but he was relocated again the following year. After that, the Han did not exist for a while, until the Ōkōchi-Matsudaira came in 1635. The Abe who followed built the three-story corner watchtower and expanded the castle complex. In 1701 a three-story and a two-story watchtower was built and the castle was further strengthened.
Oshi Castle made use of the wide swamp field with its island-like permanent spots. The central area, the Hommaru, was joined to the south by the Ni-no-maru and the San-no-maru on two islands. The southern island is also called Kanteijo-kuruwa ( 勘定 所 曲 輪 ). Immediately in the north protected a pre-area, the Suwa-kuruwa ( 諏 訪 曲 輪 ), further north the belt-shaped Obi-kuruwa ( 帯 曲 輪 ), in the west the Jizō-kuruwa ( 地 蔵 曲 輪 ), in the east the Numabashi-kuruwa ( 沼 橋 曲 輪 ) . A bridge over the Numabashi-kuruwa led to the main gate ( 大 手 門 , Ōtemon ), which was in front of the Ōtemon-kuruwa and formed the main entrance to the castle. The Hommaru was neither protected by a castle tower nor by watchtowers. There was no residence there either.
The earth wall of Suwa-kuruwa, Nishiki cherries ( 錦 桜 , Nishiki-sakura ) and some old trenches have been preserved. Today there is a three-story watchtower in Hommaru, reminiscent of its predecessor in southern San-no-maru. Gates have also been rebuilt there and new earth walls have been raised. The swampy area at the southeast end of the former outer trench now forms the "Wasserburg Park" ( 水城 公園 , Suijō-kōen ).
Remarks
- ↑ The current three-storey watchtower ( 御 三階 櫓 , Go-sangai-yagura ) differs from the old watchtower of the same name both in terms of location (today on the eastern edge of Hommaru) and in appearance.
- ↑ 1: Hommaru, 2: Ni-no-maru, 3: San-no-maru, red: Go-Sangai-yagura, H: main gate, O: Obi-kuruwa, S: Suwa-kuruwa, green circle: today's one "Wasserburg Park".
literature
- Sugai, Yasuo: Oshi-jo in: Miura, Masayuki (Ed.): Shiro to jinya. Tokoku-hen. Gakken, 2006. ISBN 978-4-05-604378-5 , p. 100.
- Nishigaya, Yasuhiro (Ed.): Oshi-jo. In: Nihon meijo zukan, Rikogaku-sha, 1993. ISBN 4-8445-3017-8 .
