Caisteal-nan-Gillean

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Caisteal-nan-Gillean ( German  Fort of Young People ) are two Mesolithic Køkkenmøddinger ( English midden ) on the Hebridean island of Oronsay in Scotland . The first was almost completely removed during the excavation by S. Grieve and Wm Galloway in 1881.

Their excavation on what is now the tidal island yielded a multitude of tools made of stone and bone, bones of birds, fish and mammals, and shells, and herds with spots of ash, charcoal and reddened stones. Before the excavation, it was an almost round hill, overgrown with curved grass, about 45 meters in diameter. On the east side it was about 10.0 m high, on the west side 7.5 m high. It was lying on an area sloping down to the sea.

The six clam heaps on Oronsay (including Cnoc Coig, Cnoc Sligeach. Priory Midden and Caisteal-nan-Gillean I + II) are just behind Star Carr in meaning because they broadened our understanding of the early post-glacial period in Great Britain. All but one are located on the southeast coast of the island. Their radiocarbon dates are between 3695 and 3200 BC. Chr. And indicate significant temporal overlaps in the use of the various locations. A second mound was excavated in 1971. In Cambridge, a research project was founded to investigate the occupation of the Mesolithic of the Obanian region on Colonsay and Islay with the aim of developing a regional perspective of the settlement of the southern Hebrides. This includes surveys and excavations on the islands as well as the development of computer simulation models that guide the fieldwork and interpret the results.

The bones of six hunters and gatherers found on the islet show that the people of the island remained alive even after agriculture arrived in England around 4000 BC. BC adhered to their way of life, and is evidence of Stone Age parallel societies .

See also

literature

  • Clive Bonsail: The 'Obanian' problem: Coastal adaptation in the Mesolithic of western Scotland
  • Caroline Wickham-Jones: The value of past studies Evidence from Oronsay (Inner Hebrides)
  • PA Mellars, MR Wilkinson, NRJ Fieller: Fish Otoliths as Indicators of Seasonality in Prehistoric Shell Middens: the Evidence from Oronsay (Inner Hebrides) 2014

Web links

Coordinates: 56 ° 0 ′ 42 "  N , 6 ° 14 ′ 23.7"  W.