Cavatine
The cavatine (from Italian : cavatina ) is a special form of aria in opera .
In the 18th century and beyond Mozart , the cavatine had a simple, song- like form and a gentle, lyrical character. It was particularly suitable for expressing feelings of love or longings, while other passions can also be expressed in general (e.g. joy, sadness, anger, etc.) and more complex forms occur in the aria.
Examples of the early Cavatina type are the Count's “Saper bramate” in Act 1 by Paisiellos Barbiere di Siviglia (1782), and Ferrando's “Un'aura amorosa del nostro tesoro” from Mozart's Così fan tutte (1790).
Over time, the use and designation changed, and in the 19th century the term Cavatina was used consistently by Rossini . In Italian opera, the first, quieter and lyrical part of a two-part aria form (which basically already existed in Mozart's time) began to be called Cavatina, while its second part, the Cabaletta , generally has a contrasting faster tempo and a more violent one, " has a sparkling ”rhythm and often gives the singer the opportunity to perform virtuoso demonstrations. The pair of arias Cavatina-Cabaletta was introduced by a recitative and can be connected by a transitional section in which there is space for dramatic action. The whole thing was also called Scena (= from Greek σκηνή, Latin scena), which indicates that the singer is alone on the stage.
A famous example of a simple solo Cavatina with Cabaletta from the first act of Verdi 's La Traviata (1853) is Violetta: "È strano" (recitative) - "Ah, fors'è lui" (Cavatina) - "Follie .. ., delirio vano è questo "(transition) -" Semper libera "(Cabaletta).
In addition, other individual figures (but only as subordinate cue givers) and a choir can be involved (especially in recitatives, transition and cabaletta). A well-known example of such a scena with cavatina and cabaletta with the participation of other characters and a whole choir (even in the cavatina) is the performance aria by Bellini s Norma (1831): "Sediziose voci" (recitative) - "Casta Diva" (Cavatina) - "Fine al rito" (transition) - "O bello a me ritorna" (Cabaletta)
