Chaldaoi

The Chaldaoi, Chaldaioi ( Greek Χαλδαῖοι, Chaldaĩoi), Chaldoi (gr. Χάλδοι, Cháldoi) or Chalder were an ancient people in northern Anatolia and Armenia . Hecataeus of Miletus (around 500), handed down by Stephanos of Byzantium, knows Chaldaoi on Lake Van and calls the landscape Chaldia. Xenophon describes in the Anabasis 401/400 BC Armenians, Karduchoi , Chaldaoi and Taochoi under Persian rule.

Equations

Already Waldemar Belck had today under the name Urartu assigned to the "Pontic Chaldeans" known culture. Carl Friedrich Lehmann-Haupt introduced the term chalder . He assumed, for example, that the rock inscription of Kaisaran , which does not name a king, comes from the time after the end of the Urartian Empire. Belck subsequently speaks of Urartu as the "land of the Chalder". C. Tuplin is considering equating the Chaldaoi of Xenophon with the worshipers of the god Ḫaldi .

Friedrich Wilhelm König named the Urartean language Chaldic: “No people and no tribe, only a dynasty is the bearer of this language; I call the official and cultural language of this dynasty Chaldic after the outstanding position of their main god Chaldi, who we can only prove in this dynasty. ”The view of King has been criticized by several authors.

The identity of the name with the Chaldeans of southern Mesopotamia is probably coincidental.

literature

Paul Karolides: The so-called Assyro-Chaldeans and Hittites of Asia Minor. Perris, Athens 1898 (reprint by Elibron Classics, 2006, ISBN 978-0543779700 ).
Friedrich Wilhelm König , Handbook of Chaldic Inscriptions (Archive for Orient Research, Supplement 8). Graz 1955, 1957. Again Biblio-Verlag, Osnabrück 1967. ISBN 3-7648-0023-2 .
Carl Friedrich Lehmann-Haupt: Armenia then and now . Olms, 1998, ISBN 3-487-09029-5 ( online in Google book search).

Individual evidence

↑ Second supplementary volume of the communications of the Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Ethnology 1983, 21.
^ C. Tuplin: "On the track of the Ten Thousand", in: Revue des études anciennes 101, 3-4, 1999, 360f.
^ Friedrich Wilhelm König, Handbook of Chaldic Inscriptions, 1955.
^ J. Friedrich, "Chalder or Urartäer", in: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländische Gesellschaft 40/1, 1936, p. 63; Б.Б. Пиотровский, Ванское царство (Урарту), Москва 1959, pp. 117ff. (English edition: Boris Borisovich Piotrovskiĭ: Urartu; the kingdom of Van and its art. Translated from the Russian and edited by Peter S. Gelling, FA Praeger, New York [1967]); RD Barnett, "Urartu". In: "Cambridge Ancient history." Volume 3, Part 1, Second Edition 1982, ISBN 0-521-22496-9 , p. 317; Paul E. Zimansky, Ancient Ararat. A Handbook of Urartian Studies. Caravan books, Delmar, New York 1998, ISBN 0-88206-091-0 , 86.

[1] Second supplementary volume of the communications of the Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Ethnology 1983, 21.

[2] C. Tuplin: "On the track of the Ten Thousand", in: Revue des études anciennes 101, 3-4, 1999, 360f.

[3] Friedrich Wilhelm König, Handbook of Chaldic Inscriptions, 1955.

[4] J. Friedrich, "Chalder or Urartäer", in: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländische Gesellschaft 40/1, 1936, p. 63; Б.Б. Пиотровский, Ванское царство (Урарту), Москва 1959, pp. 117ff. (English edition: Boris Borisovich Piotrovskiĭ: Urartu; the kingdom of Van and its art. Translated from the Russian and edited by Peter S. Gelling, FA Praeger, New York [1967]); RD Barnett, "Urartu". In: "Cambridge Ancient history." Volume 3, Part 1, Second Edition 1982, ISBN 0-521-22496-9 , p. 317; Paul E. Zimansky, Ancient Ararat. A Handbook of Urartian Studies. Caravan books, Delmar, New York 1998, ISBN 0-88206-091-0 , 86.