Convolutidae
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Convolutidae | ||||||||||||
Graff , 1905 |
Convolutidae is the name of a family of predatory marine acoela that live mostly in symbiosis with endosymbiotic algae . It comprises more than a third of all known Acoela species.
features
The Acoela of the Convolutidae family have an abdominal mouth opening and are characterized by skin muscles that consist of circular muscles, longitudinal muscles and longitudinally crisscrossing muscle fibers on both the back and the abdomen. There is also a group of U-shaped fibers in the abdominal wall of the body. Most species harbor endosymbiotic algae , which depending on the species can be green algae ( zoochlorella, for example in the genus Convolutriloba or Tetraselmis convolutae in Symsagittifera roscoffensis ) or other algae such as dinoflagellates ( zooxanthellae, for example in Waminoa litus ). As a rule, they live from the photosynthetic products of their endosymbionts, to which they in turn make nitrogen available, and as carnivores from preyed small animals.
Genera
The Convolutidae family is currently divided into 24 genera . These also include the five genera Antrosagittifera , Convolutriloba , Praesagittifera , Sagittifera and Symsagittifera , the species of which have sagittocysts in their skin, about 18 to 50 µm long needle-shaped structures for catching prey and for defense and which were previously grouped in the Sagittiferidae family:
- Achoerus Beklemischev, 1914
- Adenopea Antonius, 1968
- Amphiscolops Graff, 1904
- Anaperus Graff, 1911
- Antrosagittifera Hooge & Tyler, 2001
- Brachypea Antonius, 1968
- Conaperta Antonius, 1968
- Convoluta Ørsted, 1843
- Convolutriloba Hendelberg & Akesson, 1988
- Haplodiscus Weldon, 1888
- Heterochaerus Haswell, 1905
- Neochildia Bush, 1975
- Oligochoerus Beklemischev, 1963
- Oxyposthia Ivanov, 1952
- Philachoerus Dörjes, 1968
- Polychoerus Mark, 1892
- Praesagittifera Kostenko & Mamkaev, 1990
- Pseudanaperus Dörjes, 1968
- Pseudoconvoluta Beklemischev, 1929
- Sagittifera Kostenko & Mamkaev, 1990
- Stomatricha Hooge, 2003
- Symsagittifera Kostenko & Mamkaev, 1990
- Waminoa Winsor, 1990
- Wulguru Winsor, 1988
literature
- MD Hooge, S. Tyler (2005): New tools for resolving phylogenies: a systematic revision of the Convolutidae (Acoelomorpha, Acoela). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 43 (2), pp. 100-113. doi: 10.1111 / j.1439-0469.2005.00301.x . ISSN 0947-5745.
Individual evidence
- ^ S. Tyler, T. Artois, S. Schilling, M. Hooge, LF Bush (Eds.) (2006-2018): World List of turbellarian worms: Acoelomorpha, Catenulida, Rhabditophora. Convolutidae Graff, 1905. WoRMS , 2018. Retrieved June 14, 2018.
- ^ S. Tyler, T. Artois, S. Schilling, M. Hooge, LF Bush (Eds.) (2006-2018): World List of turbellarian worms: Acoelomorpha, Catenulida, Rhabditophora. Sagittiferidae Kostenko & Mamkaev, 1990. WoRMS , 2018. Retrieved June 14, 2018.