Cystine node

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The cystine knot (engl. Cystine knot ) is a protein structure consisting of three disulfide bonds is formed (i. E. Of three pairs of cysteine -Aminosäureresten). The polypeptide chain between two of these disulfide bridges forms a ring through which the third disulfide bridge leads (so-called rotaxane structure). Cystine nodes are found in many proteins and stabilize the tertiary structure of the protein. There are three different types of cystine nodes, which differ in the topology of the disulfide bridges:

  • Growth factor-cystine-knot (engl. Growth Factor cystine knot , GFCK)
  • Inhibitor cystine knot (engl. Inhibitor cystine knot , ICK), which is often found in spider and snail toxins
  • Cyclic cystine knot (engl. Cyclic cystine knot or cyclotides )

The growth factor cystine node (GFCK) was first described in the structure of nerve growth factor , which was determined in 1991 by crystal structure analysis by Tom Blundell . All previously known GFCK structures are dimeric, but they differ in the manner in which they are dimerized.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Norelle L Daly, David J Craik: Bioactive cystine knot proteins . In: Current Opinion in Chemical Biology . 15, No. 3, June 2011, pp. 362-368. doi : 10.1016 / j.cbpa.2011.02.008 . Retrieved April 12, 2019.
  2. ↑ Neil Q. McDonald, Risto Lapatto, Judith Murray Rust, Jennifer Gunning, Alexander Wlodawer, Tom L. Blundell: New protein fold revealed by a 2.3 Å resolution crystal structure of nerve growth factor . In: Nature . 354, No. 6352, December 1991, pp. 411-414. doi : 10.1038 / 354411a0 . Retrieved April 12, 2019.
  3. ↑ Xuliang Jiang, James A. Dias, Xiaolin He: Structural biology of glycoprotein hormones and their receptors: Insights to signaling . In: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology . 382, No. 1, January 2014, pp. 424–451. doi : 10.1016 / j.mce.2013.08.021 . Retrieved April 12, 2019.