Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine

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Logo of the DFLP
DFLP militiamen in West Beirut (1979)

The Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine ( Arabic الجبهة الديمقراطية لتحرير فلسطين, DMG al-Ǧabha ad-dīmuqrāṭiyya li-taḥrīr Filasṭīn , English Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine , DFLP ) is a Marxist-Leninist political party of the Palestinians. She is a member of the PLO . Under the leadership of Nayef Hawatmeh, it split off in February 1969 from the PFLP , which was founded in December 1967 , as the ideological differences became insurmountable. As a result of the dispute, an actionist wing split off from the PFLP in 1968, which became known as the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine - General Command (PFLP-GC) under the leadership of Ahmad Jibril . The DFLP leadership is based in Damascus .

Political goals

The DFLP was the first group to propose a Palestinian state in every conquered territory, i.e. H. in Gaza and the West Bank , which was eventually adopted by the PLO. It was also the first armed group to contact Israeli organizations. Her position “two nations - two states” represented a break in principle with the uncompromising anti-Zionism of the other PLO organizations. Due to the question of the right of return, she is still one of the hardliners today because the organization has its own membership base in exile.

Training of fighters from abroad

The DFLP trained fighters from ideologically related groups such as the Sandinista of Nicaragua, the Iranian left, Greek communists and the PKK .

attacks

On September 1, 1970, the DFLP carried out an assassination attempt on King Hussein of Jordan . However, the king escaped the attack carried out on him on the way to the airport in Amman. In combination with numerous other incidents, including the hijacking of Jordanian planes, this led to the establishment of a military government by the king on September 16 and the outbreak of Black September . The DFLP later carried out mostly minor bomb attacks. Their most sensational and bloodiest action since then was a hostage-taking in a school in the northern Israeli city of Maʿalot-Tarshiha in 1974. In the unsuccessful liberation operation by the Israeli special unit Sayeret Matkal , 21 school children were killed by booby traps set up by DFLP fighters and more than 60 other students were injured (see also Ma'alot massacre ). The armed units of the DFLP are called the Brigades of the Palestinian Resistance (Arabic: kata'ib al-muqawama al-filastiniyya ).

literature

  • Gerrit Hoekmann, Between Olive Branch and Kalashnikov, History and Politics of the Palestinian Left , Münster 1999, ISBN 3-928300-88-1

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hannes Černy: Iraqi Kurdistan, the PKK and International Relations: Theory and Ethnic Conflict . Routledge, ISBN 978-1-138-67617-6 , pp. 154-155 .
  2. ↑ haGalil.com : Uria Shavit, Haaretz, from April 12, 2002: The Model of Black September , queried on August 31, 2009