DIN 14676
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DIN 14676 |
|---|---|
| Area | Home smoke detectors in Germany |
| title | Smoke alarm devices for houses, apartments and rooms with similar use - installation, operation and maintenance |
| Latest edition | 2018-12 |
| ISO |
The DIN standard DIN 14676 (current version December 2018) is a "user standard" and describes the planning, installation, operation and maintenance of smoke alarms and home smoke alarms at national level .
The Fire Brigade Standards Committee (FNFW) NA 031-02-01 AA “Fire detection and fire alarm systems” is responsible for creating the standard.
Unlike DIN 14675 , this standard is used in the private sector or in rooms with similar uses and is aimed at the authorities responsible for fire protection and people involved in construction, in particular experts, fire departments , manufacturers of smoke alarms, planners, architects, installers , Service providers in the real estate industry, builders, owners and residents.
Certification
In contrast to DIN 14675, certification according to DIN 14676 / Part 2 has been required since December 18, 2018 . It is recommended to commission service providers with specialists for smoke alarm devices for planning, installation and maintenance and to have proof of certification.
Field of application and area of application
DIN 14676 serves as the basis for the smoke detector requirement in all German federal states.
In the respective state building regulations, the equipment obligation in the apartments is regulated differently. Stairwells are not taken into account, the owner or the community must decide here. Guesthouses with fewer than 12 guest beds, container rooms, huts, gazebos or leisure accommodation are considered rooms with apartment-like use.
The use of smoke alarm devices primarily serves to warn people of fire and smoke at an early stage. If no people are present, however, they do not offer any protection against property damage.
Smoke alarm devices in the sense of this standard can be operated as individual smoke detectors , networked with one another or on a hazard alarm system (GMA). In the event of danger, the alarm is either sent to the smoke alarm device itself or to the smoke alarm device networked with it, or at a central point (GMA). Other means of alerting, be it visual or by means of vibration , are permitted. The connection of smoke alarm devices to a fire alarm system according to DIN 14675 and VDE 0833-2 or as a replacement for a fire alarm system required in special building regulations or building permit procedures is not permitted. Special regulations apply here.
Planning and installation
Only smoke detectors that comply with EN 14604 may be used. These are to be attached in such a way that fire smoke is reliably detected as early as the development phase. When using 230 V smoke alarm devices , they must have an emergency power supply .
A smoke alarm device should generally be installed for a room area of up to 60 m². If the room area is larger than 60 m², the number of smoke alarm devices must be adapted to the circumstances. The maximum installation height of six meters should not be exceeded. For installation heights greater than six meters, the smoke alarm devices must be installed in several levels.
A smoke alarm device should be placed in the middle of the ceiling, but at least 50 cm away from the wall, light sources and other objects. In rooms with ceiling-high part walls or furniture, a detector should also be installed in each part of the room for monitoring.
The installation in hallways and corridors as well as in areas at risk of drafts is specified.
Monitoring requirements
When it comes to the basic equipment, children's rooms, sleeping areas and corridors in particular are to be equipped with smoke alarms via which escape routes from lounges lead, according to z. B. NBO. In open areas with several floors, a smoke alarm device must be installed on the top level.
In general, however, it is recommended to install smoke alarm devices in all rooms of an apartment or house. Exceptions could be the kitchen, bathroom or places where water vapor could trigger false alarms.
Networking
If the smoke alarm device triggering the alarm should also issue a warning at a different location, network-capable smoke alarm devices must be used and connected. If the warning is given at a central point, it is recommended to install a central alarm system according to VDE 0826-1.
Functionality
To ensure the functional reliability of the smoke alarm device, it must not be painted over or covered. During renovation work, the detector should therefore be covered to prevent it from becoming dirty. This protects the detector and prevents false alarms.
maintenance
The smoke alarm device must be subjected to a functional check in accordance with the operating instructions, but at least once a year. This includes a visual inspection to determine whether the smoke inlets are free or whether the detector is dirty or damaged. A test button can be used to trigger an alarm for test purposes.
For 230 V smoke alarm devices, these checks must be carried out with and without a 230 V mains.
The results of the review and measures must be documented.
Battery and accumulator change
The battery in the smoke alarm device should be replaced once a year or according to the manufacturer's instructions, but no later than when the required battery change is signaled. 230 V smoke alarm devices can also be equipped with an accumulator. This must be replaced after four years at the latest.
When using long-life batteries, e.g. B. a lithium battery , the battery must be changed according to the manufacturer's instructions. The annual maintenance obligation in accordance with DIN 14676 is retained.
Replacement of the smoke alarm device
Due to the construction of the smoke alarm device, the detection accuracy can decrease due to dust accumulation in the smoke chamber.
A smoke alarm device must be replaced no later than 10 years and 6 months after the date of commissioning or it must undergo a factory test with factory repairs.
For smoke alarm devices with permanently installed long-life batteries, the manufacturer's information on the replacement date must be taken into account.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Beuth Verlag: DIN 14676-1: 2018-12
- ↑ Table of contents of DIN 14675: 2012-04
- ↑ Gerhard Espich: Decision aids of the building supervision . Ed .: Senate Department for Urban Development and Housing - Supreme Building Supervision. Berlin ( berlin.de [PDF; accessed April 28, 2020]).