Deutz WK F1M 414

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Deutz F1M 414 , year of construction: 1939.

The Deutz WK F1M 414 (also known as a farmer's tractor or Elfer ) is a water-cooled (WK) tractor from Deutz , whose development and sales start in 1936 made it possible for smaller farms to mechanize their farms for the first time. At a base price of 2,300 Reichsmarks, which is comparatively low in Germany, the relatively light, particularly compact and manoeuvrable tractor was already equipped with a mower drive and belt pulley as standard. For a surcharge it was available with a 4½-foot cutter bar , a power take-off shaft and - as a traction aid for the rear wheels - folding grabs, as well as with an electrical system and vehicle lighting.

Deutz manufactured the tractor from 1936 to 1951. It was equipped with a 1-cylinder diesel engine with 11 HP (displacement: 1100 cm³) and water circulation cooling, and a three-speed gearbox with reverse gear; Dead weight: 1130 kg, length: 2.28 m, width: 1.53 m, wheelbase: 1.43 m, turning radius (with steering brake): 2.45 m (without steering brake: 3.30 m), trailer load: max. 8 tons. It had a pulley to drive a large number of additional devices (such as a large grinder , threshing machine , wind sweep , baler , hay and crop conveyor, forage harvester, stone breaker , (firewood) circular saw, cone splitter , water pump, workshop machinery , etc.). This made it possible for the first time for a larger number of farmers, even with smaller farms, to participate in the upheaval in the mechanization of agriculture and to carry out many time-consuming, labor-intensive, very strenuous activities with machine support more easily and more efficiently and with less human labor.

Initially, the basic model only had a handbrake lever that acted on the gearbox and a three-speed gearbox that enabled a top speed of 8 km / h, as well as two carbide lamps as standard lighting for the pre-war tractors (electric vehicle lighting was available at an additional cost). Due to the war, production was suspended from 1944 to 1945.

After the war from 1946, the Deutz WK F1M 414 was equipped with a four-speed gearbox and an additional rear wheel brake with a foot brake pedal. The new designation was F1M 414/46 . The top speed was now 15 km / h. From 1949 the little Deutz got a second foot brake pedal as standard and thus also had a steering brake, that is, a single rear wheel could be braked in order to turn the tractor with the smallest possible radius. The engine output was increased to 12 hp in 1950.

Deutz F1 M414 / 46 , built in 1946.

The radiator mask changed four times during the entire period. In 1936 the design was very solid and divided into three parts with the word “Deutz” on an aluminum plaque. From 1937/38 the mask was punched, but kept the separate Deutz badge. In 1946 the mask was punched again, but only had the "Klöckner Humboldt Deutz" sign attached to the engine block riveted. From 1947 the name “Deutz” was stamped on the upper edge of the radiator grille.

The following features characterize the pre-war tractor:

  • Front wheels are fastened with six screws
  • small fuel cap in the middle
  • small central circle in the rear wheels, as there is no rear wheel brake
  • slim air filter and steering wheel very close to the tank
  • massive cast side cover

A total of over 20,000 F1M 414s were built between 1936 and 1951 (all models including the F1M 414P ). From 1949 the F1M 414 was also available as a plantation tractor under the designation F1M 414P . It was characterized by a narrower width of 1125 mm compared to the 1535 mm of the normal version. Its production also ended in 1951.

On the basis of the Deutz F1M 414 , the also very successful Deutz models F1L 514 with a similar performance and conception profile , but with an air-cooled 1-cylinder diesel engine with 15 HP (displacement: 1330 cm³, weight: 1,180 kg, length: 2, 28 m, width: 1.53 m, wheelbase: 1.43 m, turning radius with steering brake: 2.50 m, trailer load: max. 10 tons), of which over 60,000 were built.

Sales figures

  • F1M 414 (1936-1942): 10,340
  • F1M 414/46 (1946-1951): 8,990
  • Total: 19,330 (without model F1M 414P )

See also

literature

  • Alexander Oertle, Jürgen Hummel: Type compass Deutz tractors 1927–1981 , ISBN 3-613-02385-7
  • Albert Mößmer: Deutz-Bauernschlepper , GeraMond Verlag, Munich 2014, ISBN 978-3-86245-618-5
  • Albert Mößmer: Type atlas Deutz tractors: reference work on all models and types of the Deutz brand from steel tractors to agricultural machinery and tractors: technology, history, portraits. Geramond Verlag, Munich 2011, ISBN 3-86245-628-5 .
  • Bernd Ertl: The history of Deutz tractors. From MTH to Agroton. Heel Verlag, 2010, ISBN 3-86852-169-0 .
  • Karel Vermoesen, Michael Bruse: All Deutz tractors. K. Rabe Verlag, 2009, ISBN 3-926071-38-9 .
  • Udo Paulitz: Tractors: The A - Z of the model-rich tractor history. Publisher: Edition XXL, 2015, 512 pages, ISBN 3-89736-346-1 .
  • Karl Andresen: German tractors: data, facts, history. Delphin Verlag, 2018, ISBN 978-3-96128-268-5 .
  • Udo Paulitz: Tractors: The most beautiful models since the 1920s. Heel Verlag, 2010, ISBN 3-86852-280-8 .

Web links

Commons : Deutz F1 M 414  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wikibooks: Tractor Lexicon: Deutz F1M 414  - learning and teaching materials