Diffuse supernova neutrino background

The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB) is a hypothetical source of neutrinos from distant, unresolved supernova bursts. Evidence from the DSNB could improve the statistics of the outbreak frequencies and development of supernovae and un-novae .

The neutrinos of the SN 1987A emitted by a core collapse supernova could already be detected in 1987 . The sensitivity of neutrino detectors is currently only able to observe galactic supernovae. The rate of galactic supernovae is estimated at only one to three explosions per century. In addition to the galactic supernovae, extragalactic supernovae would have to have a diffuse background of high-energy neutrinos, the diffuse supernova neutrino background. The flow would be constant over time and isotropic .

The energy distribution and the luminosity of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background should depend on the following parameters:

• the rate of star formation in the universe
• the original mass function , since only stars with a mass greater than eight solar masses explode as a supernova
• the loss of mass through stellar winds or in interacting binary star systems , whereby the mass limit for a supernova explosion is undershot
• the unknown part of the dark supernovae or un-novae, which collapse with a neutrino outbreak but do not emit electromagnetic radiation
• the neutrino oscillation , since astronomical detectors can only detect electron neutrinos.

The detection of the diffuse supernova neutrino background could limit the parameter space for the influencing factors listed above.

literature

• Alankrita Priya, Cecilia Lunardini: Diffuse neutrinos from luminous and dark supernovae: prospects for upcoming detectors at the O (10) kt scale . In: Astrophysics. Solar and Stellar Astrophysics . 2017, arxiv : 1705.02122v2 .
• Randolph Möllenberg et al .: Detecting the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background with LENA . In: Astrophysics. Solar and Stellar Astrophysics . 2014, arxiv : 1409.2240v1 .
• Yasaman Farzan, Sergio Palomares-Ruiz: Dips in the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background . In: Astrophysics. Solar and Stellar Astrophysics . 2014, arxiv : 1401.7019v1 .
• John F. Beacom: The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background . In: Astrophysics. Solar and Stellar Astrophysics . 2010, arxiv : 1004.3311v1 .