Duks U-1

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Duks U-1
Polikarpov U-1.jpg
Type: Trainer aircraft
Design country:

Soviet Union 1923Soviet Union Soviet Union

Manufacturer:

Work "Krasni Lotschik"

First flight:

1921

Production time:

1923-1931

Number of pieces:
  • 664 U-1
  • 73 MU-1

The Duks U-1 ( Russian Дукс У-1 ) is a Soviet trainer aircraft . It was mainly used in the 1920s and early 1930s and is the first large-scale aircraft produced in the USSR for this purpose. With the U-1, thousands of future pilots of the air forces that are currently under construction gained their first experience.

development

The model is based on the British Avro 504 K, some of which were captured by the Soviet troops during the Russian Civil War or imported in small numbers and which have been in use since 1921. Construction plans of the type were drawn up in Duks Plant No. 5 in Moscow and sent to the Petrograd (now St. Petersburg) plant in Krasni Lotschik ("Red Flyer") to copy the aircraft.

The abbreviation U-1 stands for Uchebny Samoljot (Учебный самолёт), training aircraft. Conceptually, the type is a biplane with a box-shaped fuselage and a braced and braced structure, with the upper wing staggered by 30 ° compared to the lower one. The entire construction is made of pine wood with fabric covering. In the middle of the non-retractable main landing gear there is an ash wooden runner to protect against overturning. Both the main wing and the normal tail unit are connected to one another by I-legs or supported on the fuselage. There is a grinding spur at the rear. The license version of the French radial engine Le Rhône 9J, designated as M-2 , served as the drive .

Series production began in 1923 and ended in 1931 after the 664th machine. In 1924 the float version MU-1 , Morskoi Uschebni Samoljot (naval training aircraft) appeared, of which 73 units were produced by 1930. A total of 737 U-1 / MU-1 ran off the production line. In the military they were in service until 1932 (U-1) and 1934 (MU-1), after which they went to the aero clubs, where they flew until 1935.

In 1931, W. I. Dudakow and W. A. ​​Konstantinow carried out experiments with powder rockets to accelerate take-off with a U-1 . The successor training aircraft was the U-2 .

Technical specifications

U-1 and MU-1 as a three-sided view
Parameter U-1 MU-1
Conception Trainer aircraft Float plane
Years of construction 1923-1931 1924-1930
crew 2
length 8.78 m 9.85 m
Wingspan 10.85 m
height 3.21 m 3.58 m
Wing area 30.0 m²
Empty mass 600 kg 840 kg
Takeoff mass 840 kg 1080 kg
Engine an air-cooled nine-cylinder - radial engine M-2 with 88 kW (120 hp)
Top speed 137 km / h near the ground 136 km / h near the ground
Landing speed 68 km / h 75 km / h
Rise time 5.5 min at 1000 m altitude 9.4 min at 1000 m altitude
practical summit height 4500 m 3200 m
Range 195 km 190 km
Flight duration 1.5 h

literature

  • Vadim B. Schawrow : On the history of Soviet aircraft construction. Soviet aircraft construction in the period of economic reconstruction (1921-1925) . In: Aviator Calendar of the GDR 1975 . Military Publishing House , Berlin 1974, p. 158-161 .
  • Heinz A. F. Schmidt: Soviet planes . Transpress, Berlin 1971, p. 173 .

Web links

Commons : Duks U-1  - Collection of images, videos and audio files