Duks U-1
Duks U-1 | |
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Type: | Trainer aircraft |
Design country: | |
Manufacturer: |
Work "Krasni Lotschik" |
First flight: |
1921 |
Production time: |
1923-1931 |
Number of pieces: |
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The Duks U-1 ( Russian Дукс У-1 ) is a Soviet trainer aircraft . It was mainly used in the 1920s and early 1930s and is the first large-scale aircraft produced in the USSR for this purpose. With the U-1, thousands of future pilots of the air forces that are currently under construction gained their first experience.
development
The model is based on the British Avro 504 K, some of which were captured by the Soviet troops during the Russian Civil War or imported in small numbers and which have been in use since 1921. Construction plans of the type were drawn up in Duks Plant No. 5 in Moscow and sent to the Petrograd (now St. Petersburg) plant in Krasni Lotschik ("Red Flyer") to copy the aircraft.
The abbreviation U-1 stands for Uchebny Samoljot (Учебный самолёт), training aircraft. Conceptually, the type is a biplane with a box-shaped fuselage and a braced and braced structure, with the upper wing staggered by 30 ° compared to the lower one. The entire construction is made of pine wood with fabric covering. In the middle of the non-retractable main landing gear there is an ash wooden runner to protect against overturning. Both the main wing and the normal tail unit are connected to one another by I-legs or supported on the fuselage. There is a grinding spur at the rear. The license version of the French radial engine Le Rhône 9J, designated as M-2 , served as the drive .
Series production began in 1923 and ended in 1931 after the 664th machine. In 1924 the float version MU-1 , Morskoi Uschebni Samoljot (naval training aircraft) appeared, of which 73 units were produced by 1930. A total of 737 U-1 / MU-1 ran off the production line. In the military they were in service until 1932 (U-1) and 1934 (MU-1), after which they went to the aero clubs, where they flew until 1935.
In 1931, W. I. Dudakow and W. A. Konstantinow carried out experiments with powder rockets to accelerate take-off with a U-1 . The successor training aircraft was the U-2 .
Technical specifications
Parameter | U-1 | MU-1 |
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Conception | Trainer aircraft | Float plane |
Years of construction | 1923-1931 | 1924-1930 |
crew | 2 | |
length | 8.78 m | 9.85 m |
Wingspan | 10.85 m | |
height | 3.21 m | 3.58 m |
Wing area | 30.0 m² | |
Empty mass | 600 kg | 840 kg |
Takeoff mass | 840 kg | 1080 kg |
Engine | an air-cooled nine-cylinder - radial engine M-2 with 88 kW (120 hp) | |
Top speed | 137 km / h near the ground | 136 km / h near the ground |
Landing speed | 68 km / h | 75 km / h |
Rise time | 5.5 min at 1000 m altitude | 9.4 min at 1000 m altitude |
practical summit height | 4500 m | 3200 m |
Range | 195 km | 190 km |
Flight duration | 1.5 h |
literature
- Vadim B. Schawrow : On the history of Soviet aircraft construction. Soviet aircraft construction in the period of economic reconstruction (1921-1925) . In: Aviator Calendar of the GDR 1975 . Military Publishing House , Berlin 1974, p. 158-161 .
- Heinz A. F. Schmidt: Soviet planes . Transpress, Berlin 1971, p. 173 .
Web links
- Поликарпов У-1. Retrieved April 27, 2017 (Russian, history, dates, and photos).