Efflux pump

Efflux pump is an outdated name for membrane - ATPases and membrane transporters (carriers), the molecules from the cell carry out. These proteins are found in all living things. In the literature it is described that up to 18% of all transporters in a bacterial cell are efflux pumps. They channel a large number of structurally unrelated substrates out of the cell, which is why they represent a non-specific resistance mechanism. Among other things, they are responsible for the antibiotic resistance of bacteria and the resistance of fungi to antifungal drugs .

Efflux pumps can be divided into five large families: the Small Multidrug Resistance (SMR) family, the Resistance Nodulation-Cell Division (RND) family, the ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) family, the Multidrug and Toxic Compound Extrusion (MATE ) Family and the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS).

See also

• Multiple drug resistance
• Multidrug Resistance-Related Proteins

literature

• Y. Morita, ML Sobel, K. Poole: Antibiotic inducibility of the MexXY multidrug efflux system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: involvement of the antibiotic-inducible PA5471 gene product. In: Antimicrob Agents Chemother . 188, 2006, pp. 1847-1855. doi: 10.1128 / JB.188.5.1847-1855.2006 . PMC 1426571 (free full text). PMID 16484195 .
• J. Molnár, H. Engi, J. Hohmann, P. Molnár, J. Deli, O. Wesolowska, K. Michalak, Q. Wang: Reversal of multidrug resistance by natural substances from plants. In: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry . 10, 2010, pp. 1757-1768.
• M. Banoee, S. Seif, ZE Nazari, P. Jafari-Fesharaki, HR Shahverdi, A. Moballegh, KM Moghaddam, AR Shahverdi: ZnO nanoparticles enhanced antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In: J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 93 (2), 2010, pp. 557-561. doi: 10.1002 / jbm.b.31615 . PMID 20225250 .