Elp culture

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Spread of the Elp culture.

The Elp culture (1100 and 850 BC) is a regional group of the European Tumulus Bronze Age , which developed west of the Weser, north of the low mountain ranges and in the north-east and central Netherlands. The eponymous site is the village of Elp ( Midden-Drenthe municipality ) between Assen and Emmen in the Netherlands, where a settlement from this cultural period was excavated for the first time.

Characteristics

The Elp culture is characterized by its typical large three-aisled farmhouses. These are generally more than 25 meters long and around 6 meters wide. The archaeologist Harm Tjalling Waterbolk calculated that up to 26, sometimes even 30, cattle fit into an Elp-type stable house. The stable part of the houses is usually recognizable by the more densely placed stands and was located in the eastern part of the building. The narrow entrances were in the narrow sides of the houses or in the long wall between the living area and the stable. Since the residential wing was just as large or longer than the stable part, it is assumed that the houses were inhabited by large families. More than twelve houses within one hectare were found in the eponymous site. These were built over a period of 700 years. It is therefore assumed that the courtyards were inhabited for thirty to forty years and were then abandoned in order to erect a new building elsewhere in the immediate vicinity of the old courtyard. The older buildings served as the building fabric for the new houses.

Some floor plans from Elp or Emmerhout have an extreme length of more than 60 meters. Waterbolk interpreted these as a building with a central function.

The culture is also characterized by its barrows .

swell

  1. ^ Wolfgang Schwarz: Prehistory and early history. In: Karl-Ernst Behre, Hajo van Lengen (Ed.): Ostfriesland. History and shape of a cultural landscape. Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1995, ISBN 3-925365-85-0 , pp. 39–74, here p. 56.
  2. ↑ Nico Roymans, Harry Fokkens: Bronze Age and Early Iron Age Settlements in the Netherlands. - An overview. In: Contributions to the Urnfield time north and south of the Alps. Results of a colloquium (= Roman-Germanic Central Museum in Mainz. Monographs. Vol. 35). Habelt, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-7749-2740-5 , pp. 91-108, digital version (PDF; 8.93 MB) . Accessed November 27, 2013.
  3. ↑ Harry Fokkens: The economy of the Nordic Bronze Age: More than sowing grain and raising cattle. In: Martin Bartelheim, Harald Stäuble (Ed.): The economic foundations of the bronze age in Europe. = The economic foundations of the European bronze age (= research on archaeometry and ancient studies. Vol. 4). Leidorf, Rahden (Westphalia) 2009, ISBN 978-3-89646-874-1 , pp. 85-104, digital version (PDF; 1.17 MB) . Accessed November 27, 2013.
  4. ^ Bradley, Richard: The Past in Prehistoric Societies . Routledge, London 2002, ISBN 978-0415276283 , pp. 58-71.