First All-Russian Congress of Soviets
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The First All-Russian Congress of Soviets met on June 3 (June 16) in the building of the Cadet Corps in Petrograd and ended on June 24, 1917.
composition
In total there were 820 delegates with a decision-making and 268 with an advisory vote at the congress. They represented 305 local soviets, 53 district and district soviets, front organizations, army institutions in the hinterland and some peasant organizations. The Soviets, representing at least 25,000 people, had the final vote. Soviets uniting 10,000-25,000 had an advisory vote. On the basis of these norms, which, by the way, were hardly observed very strictly, one can conclude that more than twenty million people were behind the congress.
Of the 777 delegates who gave information about their party membership, 285 were Social Revolutionaries , 248 Mensheviks and 105 Bolsheviks .
decisions
- Approval of the expulsion of Robert Grimm , a Swiss socialist who had tried to save the Russian Revolution and German Social Democracy through backstage negotiations with the Hohenzollern diplomacy.
- Rejection of the demand by the left wing for immediate resolutions to end the war and transfer all power to the Soviets. Lenin was referred to as a "compromiser". Instead, Congress passed the Resolutions of the Socialist Revolutionaries and the Mensheviks, which proclaimed the full support of the socialist ministers and the continuation of the "war of independence" on the basis of the refusal to annexations and compensations.
- The Congress elected a permanent body, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the Soviets of Workers 'and Soldiers' Deputies , consisting of 320 members. The composition of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee was also Social Revolutionary-Menshevik: 123 Mensheviks, 119 Social Revolutionaries, 58 Bolsheviks, 13 United Social Democrats, 7 others. Menshevik Nikolaus Tscheidze became the chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee.
Lenin's objection
At the congress the Bolsheviks were in the minority, making up only 13.5% of the delegates. In response to the statement of the member of the Petrograd Soviet , Minister and Mensheviks Irakli Tsereteli , that there is currently no political party in Russia that would say: give power to our hands, leave your positions, we will take your place and that it is There is currently no such party in Russia, Lenin replied with a loud interjection. "There is such a party!". The Social Revolutionary Menshevik majority laughed at Lenin's demarche, to which he replied: "You can laugh as much as you want ... Trust us and we will give you our program. Our conference on April 29th was this Program. Unfortunately it is not considered and is not adopted by them. Apparently it is necessary to find out how popular this program is ". Lenin further proposed "arresting the 50-100 greatest millionaires", introducing workers' control in industry and making peace.
