Eugene S. Polzik

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Eugene Simon Polzik (* 1953 in Saint Petersburg , then Leningrad) is a Soviet-Danish physicist ( quantum information theory , atomic physics , quantum optics ). He is considered an internationally leading scientist in experimental quantum optics and quantum measurements, is a university lecturer in Copenhagen and is largely responsible for the fact that the research area in Scandinavia has been expanded with its own large research center in Copenhagen.

Career

Polzik received his physics diploma from the University of Saint Petersburg in 1976 , where he received his doctorate in 1980. He then taught at the Mining Institute in Saint Petersburg until 1988 and was at Caltech from 1990 to 1995 . In 1994 he became a professor at the University of Aarhus and from 2003 he was professor at the Niels Bohr Institute of the University of Copenhagen , where he founded the Center for Quantum Optics (QUANTOP) in 2001 and then headed it. It was founded in Aarhus after receiving a large amount of funding from the Danish National Research Foundation in 2001, but he moved the center to Copenhagen in 2003. In 2012 he became head of the quantum optics and atomic physics department at the Niels Bohr Institute.

From 2003 he was visiting professor at the University of Barcelona (Institute of Photonic Sciences, ICFO, which he advised since its foundation in 2001) and from 2010 to 2011 Gordon Moore Distinguished Scholar at Caltech. He is on the advisory board of the Russian Quantum Center, founded in 2012.

plant

In 1992, together with H. Jeff Kimble, he demonstrated atomic spectroscopy with non-classical light for the first time and in 1999 a macroscopic non-classical atomic state ( spin-squeezed state ). In 2001, Polzik demonstrated an EPR- entangled state of matter and in 2004 quantum memory of light (quantum memory from light). In 1998 he demonstrated unrestricted quantum teleportation , in 2006 quantum teleportation between light and matter and in 2013 deterministic quantum teleportation between distant atoms. Further results were the improvement of the accuracy of atomic clocks using quantum entanglement (2009), reaction-free measurement of magnetic fields (2010), opto-nanomechanical detection of radio waves (2014), entanglement generated by dissipation (2011), cooling of a semiconductor nano-oscillator with light (2011), squeezed states in oscillators (2015), motion measurement that is not limited by Heisenberg's uncertainty principle (2017), a quantum optics interface with a crystal of cold atoms and the detection of nerve impulses with an optical quantum magnetometer (2015).

In addition to quantum teleportation, one of his main areas of research is the precision of quantum measurements. As has been known since Werner Heisenberg and Niels Bohr in the 1920s, these inevitably lead to disturbances in the systems on which the measurements are made ( Heisenberg's uncertainty principle ). If, for example, light or particles are scattered by an electron, this receives a recoil and also if atomic states decay in random directions opposite to the emitted photon, which is the cause of the natural line width of the spectral lines. Polzik and his group showed in a series of experiments between 2009 and 2017 that this can be partially reversed if the light is first sent through an atomic gas. This also enabled him to use new, more precise quantum measurement methods, such as those used with very sensitive magnetic sensors such as those used in space travel, mobile communications or as movement sensors. For this, entangled states of the sensor with the atomic gas cloud are created. This is also the aim of his project ( Quantum mechanics in the negative mass reference frame (Quantum-N) ), which received the ERC Advanced Grant in 2018. Another goal of this project is to improve the sensitivity of gravitational wave detectors in this way.

Memberships and honors

In 1998 he received the Prize of the Danish Physical Society, in 2014 the Research Prize of the Danish Magisterforening and in 2017 the Scientific American Research Leadership Award and in 2007 he was among the Top 50 Scientists of Scientific American for his work on quantum teleportation. In 2020 he received the Herbert Walther Prize . He is one of the highly cited scientists (H index 58). In 2019 he was Villum Investigator and in 2011 and 2018 he received an Advanced Grant from the European Research Council. In 2018 he became a Knight of the Danebrog Order and he is a member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences, Fellow of the American Physical Society , the Institute of Physics and the Optical Society of America .

Fonts (selection)

Except for the works cited in the footnotes.

  • with A. Kuzmich, K Mølmer: Spin squeezing in an ensemble of atoms illuminated with squeezed light, Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 79, 1997, p. 4782
  • with NP Georgiades, K. Edamatsu, HJ Kimble, AS Parkins: Nonclassical excitation for atoms in a squeezed vacuum, Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 75, 1995, p. 3426
  • with LM Duan, JI Cirac, P. Zoller: Quantum communication between atomic ensembles using coherent light, Phys. Rev. Letters, vol. 85, 2000, p. 5643
  • with P. Zoller, T. Beth, JI Cirac, D. Bruss, H. Briegel u. a .: Quantum information processing and communication, The European Physical Journal, Volume 36, 2005, pp. 203-228
  • with JS Neergaard-Nielsen, BM Nielsen, C. Hettich, K. Mølmer: Generation of a superposition of odd photon number states for quantum information networks, Physical Review Letters, Volume 97, 2006, p. 83604
  • with K.Hammerer, M. Aspelmeyer, P. Zoller: Establishing Einstein – Poldosky – Rosen channels between nanomechanics and atomic ensembles, Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 102, 2009, p. 020501
  • with C. Simon a. a .: Quantum memories, The European Physical Journal D, Volume 58, 2010, pp. 1-22
  • with K. Hammererer, ASSørensen: Quantum interface between light and atomic ensembles, Reviews of Modern Physics, Volume 82, 2010, p. 1041
  • with K.Jensen u. a .: Quantum memory for entangled continuous-variable states, Nature Physics, Volume 7, 2011, pp. 13-16
  • with CA Muschik, H. Krauter, K. Hammerer: Quantum information at the interface of light with atomic ensembles and micromechanical oscillators, Quantum Information Processing, Volume 10, 2011, pp. 839–863
  • with K. Usami u. a .: Optical cavity cooling of mechanical modes of a semiconductor nanomembrane, Nature Physics, Volume 8, 2012, pp. 168-172,
  • with C A. Muschik, K. Hammerer, IJ Cirac: Quantum Teleportation of Dynamics and Effective Interactions between Remote Systems, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 111, 2013, p. 020501.
  • with J. Borregard a. a .: Scalable photonic network architecture based on motional averaging in room temperature gas, Nature Communications, Volume 7, 2016, Article No. 11356

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Eugene Polzik receives ERC Advanced Grant for the second time, this time for 16.2 million DKK , Niels Bohr Institute, April 12, 2018
  2. ↑ ES Polzik, J. Carri, HJ Kimble: Spectroscopy with squeezed light, Physical Review Letters, Volume 68, 1992, p. 3020
  3. ↑ J. Hald, JLSørensen, C.Schori, ES Polzik, Spin squeezed atoms: a macroscopic entangled ensemble created by light, Physical Review Letters, Volume 83, 1999, p. 1319
  4. ↑ B. Julsgaard, A. Kozhekin, ES Polzik, Experimental long-lived entanglement of two macroscopic objects, Nature, Volume 413, 2001, pp. 400-403
  5. ↑ B. Julsgaard, J. Sherson, JI Cirac , J. Fiurášek, ES Polzik: Experimental demonstration of quantum memory for light, Nature, Volume 432, 1998, pp. 482-486
  6. ↑ AE Kozhekin, K. Mølmer, ES Polzik: Quantum memory for light, Phys. Rev. A, Volume 62, 2000, p. 033809
  7. ^ A. Furusawa, JL Sørensen, SL Braunstein, CA Fuchs, HJ Kimble , ES Polzik, Unconditional quantum teleportation, Science, Volume 282, 1998, pp. 706-709
  8. ↑ JF Sherson, I. Cirac, ES Polzik et al.: Quantum teleportation between light and matter, Nature, Volume 443, 2006, pp. 557-560
  9. ↑ HW Krauter, ES Polzik u. a .: Deterministic quantum teleportation between distant atomic objects, Nature Physics, Volume 9, 2013, pp. 400–404
  10. ↑ J. Appel, ES Polzik u. a .: Mesoscopic atomic entanglement for precision measurements beyond the standard quantum limit, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, Volume 106, 2009, pp. 10960-10965
  11. ↑ W Wasilewski, ES Polzik u. a .: Quantum noise limited and entanglement-assisted magnetometry, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 104, 2010, p. 133601
  12. ↑ T. Bagci, ES Polzik a. a .: Optical detection of radio waves through a nanomechanical transducer, Nature, Volume 507, 2014, pp. 81-85
  13. ↑ H.Krauter, JI Cirac, ES Polzik u. a .: Entanglement generated by dissipation and steady state entanglement of two macroscopic objects, Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 107, 2011, p. 80503
  14. ↑ G. Vasilakis, ES Polzik et al. a .: Generation of a squeezed state of an oscillator by stroboscopic back-action-evading measurement, Nature Physics, Volume 11, 2015, pp. 389-392
  15. ↑ ES Polzik u. a .: Quantum back-action-evading measurement of motion in a negative mass reference frame, Nature, Volume 547, 2017, pp. 191-195
  16. ↑ Klemens Hammerer, ES Polzik, Trajectories without quantum uncertainties, Annalen der Physik, Volume 527, 2015, A15-A20
  17. ↑ K. Jensen, Polzik u. a., Non-invasive detection of animal nerve impulses with an atomic magnetometer operating near quantum limited sensitivity, Scientific Reports, Volume 6, 2016, p. 29638
  18. ↑ E. Zeuthen, ES Polzik, FY Khalili: Gravitational wave detection beyond the standard quantum limit using a negative-mass spin system and virtual rigidity, Physical Review D, Volume 100, 2019, p. 062004
  19. ↑ Appreciation for the Herbert Walther Prize , Pro Physik, January 13, 2020
personal data
SURNAME Polzik, Eugene S.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Polzik, Eugene Simon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian-Danish physicist
DATE OF BIRTH 1953
PLACE OF BIRTH St. Petersburg