Eupalinos

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Samos tunnel

Eupalinos (also Eupalinus ) of Megara was an ancient Greek engineer who built the Samos tunnel , believed to be between 550 and 530 BC. Was completed. As the second known tunnel in history to be built using the opposite direction and the first to be built according to a carefully worked out plan, the tunnel is considered a masterpiece of ancient engineering. At 1036 meters in length, the Eupalinos Tunnel was also the longest tunnel of its time. It is currently only accessible to the public over a length of 150 m.

The Greek historian Herodotus briefly described the tunnel in his Histories (3.60) and referred to Eupalinos of Megara, son of Naustrophos, as its builder. Allegedly, Eupalinos is the first hydraulic engineer in history whose name has been passed down to posterity. However, nothing else is known about the person of the Eupalinos.

literature

  • Tom M. Apostol : The Tunnel of Samos ; in: Engineering and Science , 1 (2004), pp. 30–40 ( PDF )
  • Alfred Burns: The Tunnel of Eupalinus and the Tunnel Problem of Hero of Alexandria ; in: Isis 62 (1971), pp. 172-185
  • Harry B. Evans: Review by Hermann Kienast, Die Wasserleitung des Eupalinos auf Samos ; in: American Journal of Archeology 103 (1999), pp 149-150
  • June Goodfield, Stephen Toulmin : How Was the Tunnel of Eupalinus Aligned? ; in: Isis 56 (1965), pp. 46-55
  • Ulf Jantzen (Ed.): The water pipe of the Eupalinos. The finds ; Samos 20; Bonn: Habelt, 2004; ISBN 3-7749-3312-X
  • Hermann J. Kienast: The water pipe of the Eupalinos on Samos ; German Archaeological Institute Athens (information brochure)
  • Hermann J. Kienast: The water pipe of the Eupalinos on Samos ; Samos 19; Bonn: Habelt, 1995; ISBN 3-7749-2713-8
  • BL van der Waerden: Eupalinos and His Tunnel. In: Isis 59 (1968), pp. 82-83

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ Evans, Kienast Review, p. 150
  2. ↑ The oldest known tunnel in which the drive was tackled from two sides at the same time is the Hezekiah tunnel in Jerusalem (around 700 BC). However, the numerous blind tunnels, which lengthen the total length of the tunnel by a third, indicate that no special scientific method was used to determine the heading direction (Burns, p. 173). Presumably one simply followed the course of a water vein (Apostol, p. 33)
  3. ^ Apostol, Tom, p. 33
personal data
SURNAME Eupalinos
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Eupalinus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Greek scientist
DATE OF BIRTH 6th century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 6th century BC Chr.