Fanā '

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Fanā ' ( Arabic فناء, DMG fanāʾ  'development, extinction, disappearance of the ego-consciousness') is the Islamic expression for the “development of physical existence” or the “disappearance of the self”. Fanā ' means “to die before you die” and stands for the extinction of the lower ego and the return to the oneness of God . Whoever reaches this state of enlightenment becomes aware of the oneness ( tawhid ) of God and all that exists, including the soul of each individual. The illusion of dualism is completely extinguished, with which the Sufi represents a monistic worldview. While the Buddhist idea of ​​the Sunyata is based on the voidness and interdependence of all things, the reality for Sufis is neither illusion nor emptiness, but God. Despite the similarity to the Hindu concept of Samadhi , the concept of Fana is considered a teaching of Islamic origin.

literature

  • Oliver Leaman: "Fanāʾ" in John L. Esposito (ed.): The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. 6 Vols. Oxford 2009. Vol. II, pp. 217-218.
  • David L. Martin: Al-fanā '(mystical annihilation of the soul) and al-baqā' (subsistence of the soul) in the work of Abu al-Qāsim al-Junayd al-Baghdādī . Los Angeles, Univ. of California, Diss. 1984.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Hans Wehr: Arabic dictionary for the written language of the present , Wiesbaden 1968, p. 651.
  2. ↑ Reza Aslan: No God but God: The Faith of Muslims to the Present. Verlag CH Beck, 2006, ISBN 3-406-54487-8 , p. 235.

See also