Fernão de Noronha
Fernão de Noronha , verballhornt from Fernão de Loronha (his real name), also Fernando de Noronha (* 15th century ; † 16th century ), was to Catholicism converted Portuguese Jew ( Marrano ), which is one of the first major brazilwood traders in the just discovered parts of Brazil.
The rich entrepreneur, merchant and shipowner Noronha, born in Asturias , was a representative of the Jakob Fugger banking house on the Iberian Peninsula . Together with other "New Christians" ( conversos ), Portuguese merchants, he received permission to exploit the natural resources of Brazil (then Terra de Santa Cruz, Land of the Holy Cross) for three years and in 1503 he received one from the crown Contract for the exploitation of Brazil wood , a wood that is valuable in dyeing. The Consortium financed the Gonçalo Coelhos expeditionin 1503, who discovered the island on July 24th, which much later was to bear the name Fernando de Noronhas. In 1506, Noronha and his partners exported 20,000 quintais (1.2 tons) of Brazilian wood from the new countries, which were sold in Lisbon with a profit of 400 or 500 percent. In 1511 he participated with Bartolomeu Marchioni, Benedito Morelli and Francisco Martins in equipping the Bretoa , which returned to Portugal on July 22nd with a cargo of 5000 trunks of Brazil wood, exotic animals and 40 slaves, mainly women.
As a result of the contract and the Gonçalo Coelhos expedition, King D. Manuel I (1495–1521) awarded Fernão de Noronha the first “capitania do mar” no litoral (overseas marital affairs) in 1504: the island of São João da Quaresma, now Fernando de Noronha .
In 1532 he was ennobled by João III (1521–1557) to Fidalgo de cota de armas , a kind of knight.
Some ascribe to Fernão de Noronha the change in the Christian names Ilha de Vera Cruz (Island of the True Cross) and Terra de Santa Cruz (Land of the Holy Cross) in Brazil. However, there is no historical basis for such an assumption and it is based on anti-Semitic ideas. What happened was the name change as a result of the trade in Brazil wood, for which Fernão de Noronha was only one of the tenants.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hélio Daniel Cordeiro: ( page no longer available , search in web archives: Gaspar da Gama: um judeu no Descobrimento do Brasil. ) In: Revista Judaica. No. 63, April 2003, visited December 3, 2008 (Portuguese).
- ↑ Gustavo Barroso: ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: História Secreta do Brasil. ) Visited on December 28, 2008 (Portuguese).
- ↑ ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: A História dos Judeus no Brasil. - 1a Parte. ) Visited on November 28, 2008 (Portuguese).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Noronha, Fernão de |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Noronha, Fernando de; Loronha, Fernão de |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Portuguese Marran merchant and one of the first large Brazilian timber dealers |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 15th century |
| DATE OF DEATH | 16th Century |