Fund of the establishments
The funds of the companies - also: company funds - was in the GDR in the broader sense a comprehensive term for the funds transferred to the socialist companies to fulfill their tasks and their sources of cover.
The funds have been broken down according to
- the stages of the circular process in production funds , circulation funds and special funds
- their behavior in the cycle process in basic and circulating resources
- their material content in material funds (production funds and commodity funds ) and financial funds ( money funds )
- according to the legal entity of ownership in own funds ( basic funds , circulating funds ) and third-party funds (loans and liabilities)
In a narrower sense , the funds of the companies were understood as earmarked sources of finance for certain tasks. These funds were usually formed from the profits remaining in the companies after the net profit transfer was transferred ( accumulation ) and were part of the companies' own funds. If the companies' net profit was not sufficient for the planned fund transfers, the companies usually received fund support . There was a bank balance of the same amount for each fund. The most important funds in this sense were:
- Investment fund: It was used to finance business investments. In addition to profits, it was also financed amortization (returned depreciation ), proceeds from the sale of basic resources and, if necessary, funds from the state budget.
- Bonus fund: The bonuses were paid to the employees from this fund, especially the year-end bonus . The fund was capped at 1,100 M / employee, i.e. H. Even if the plans were overfilled, a company could not freely increase the premium volume.
- Culture and social fund: It became operational facilities such as factory kitchens, holiday homes, kindergartens, crèches, sports facilities, cultural centers and the like. financed.
- Performance fund: It could be formed if the plans were over-fulfilled and served to improve working and living conditions.
In addition, there were the basic funds and the circulating funds. In addition to loans, they were used to finance the basic and current assets, i.e. fixed assets and current assets .
The creation and use of the funds was subject to state planning . If funds had not been materially covered (i.e. if a company had not been allocated, for example, the construction capacities and the material to erect a holiday home), they could not be set up.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Federal Statistical Office: Fundamentals, methods and organization of official statistics in the GDR, pp. 198f., August 1999, accessed on January 25, 2017
literature
- Hans Arnold, Hans Borchert, Alfred Lange , Johannes Schmid: Basic resources, investments, production capacity in the industry of the GDR. Publishing house Die Wirtschaft, Berlin 1967.
- Eva Müller: The material funds of the socialist economy. In: A. Heinze (Hrsg.): Karl Marx "Das Kapital" - legacy and obligation. Contributions to the 100th anniversary of the first edition of the work "Das Kapital" by Karl Marx. Karl Marx University, Leipzig 1968, p. 497ff.