Quality assurance for fusion welding

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The quality assurance during fusion welding comprises all measures to ensure the desired link quality .

When welding, special requirements are placed on quality assurance. Since a subsequent test on the product cannot fully provide evidence that the required quality standards are met, welding falls under the term "special process" of the DIN EN ISO 9000 standard . In order to transfer the specifications of this standard to the special "welding" process, a separate series of standards DIN EN ISO 3834ff has been compiled. This also takes into account the existing practice of independent quality assurance.

Series of standards DIN EN ISO 3834ff

Criteria for the selection of levels of quality requirements according to DIN EN ISO 3834-1

Depending on the type of fusion-welded components and constructions that a manufacturer produces, three different levels of quality requirements are defined. This applies to production in workshops and on construction sites. For each of the three requirement levels (comprehensive, standard or elementary), statements are made as to which elements of the quality assurance process a QM system has to fulfill to what extent, from the offer to development, construction, production and acceptance by the customer.

DIN EN ISO 3834ff consists of the following parts: Part 1: Criteria for the selection of the appropriate level of quality requirements. It contains the criteria for the selection of the verification level depending on the welding requirements and names aspects in the selection of the appropriate level of quality requirements such as:

  • Scope and importance of critical products with regard to their safety,
  • Complexity of production,
  • Area of ​​manufactured products,
  • Range of different materials used,
  • Extent of occurrence of metallurgical problems,
  • Extent of occurrence of irregularities .

Part 2: Comprehensive quality requirements

The company must set up a QM system with appropriate documentation. In the audit by the recognized body, evidence must be provided that the QM system

  • has been declared binding by the management,
  • all elements of the standard have been appropriately documented and recorded,
  • is known to all employees,
  • is observed by all employees
  • is adequately evidenced by records.

Personnel requirements must be met:

  • A welding supervisor who has extensive knowledge of the design, manufacture and testing of welded components (e.g. International Welding Engineer) must be available. It must be clearly assigned the relevant responsibility and authority in accordance with DIN EN ISO 14731 .
  • Welders with a valid test certificate in accordance with DIN EN ISO 9606ff and, in the case of fully mechanical and automatic welding processes, machine operators with a valid certificate in accordance with DIN EN ISO 14732 are required.
  • Certified testing personnel according to DIN EN ISO 9712 are required for non-destructive tests.

Part 3: Standard Quality Requirements

  • A QM system must be available and documented as a QM manual or in the form of process and work instructions, and the interaction of the processes must be proven in an audit.
  • A welding supervisor with standard knowledge of the design, manufacture and testing of welded components required for the area of ​​application must be available (e.g. European Welding Specialist). Responsibility and powers must be clearly assigned to you in accordance with the DIN EN ISO 14731 standard .
  • Welders with a valid test certificate in accordance with DIN EN ISO 9606ff and, in the case of fully mechanical and automatic welding processes, machine operators with a valid certificate in accordance with DIN EN ISO 14732 are required.
  • Certified testing personnel according to DIN EN ISO 9712 are required for non-destructive tests.

Part 4: Elementary quality requirements

  • A welding coordinator within the meaning of DIN EN ISO 14731 is not absolutely necessary. However, the manufacturer has welding responsibility for production and must therefore have a basic knowledge of the welding quality requirements for the respective production monitoring required. This responsibility can be transferred to suitable persons chosen by him and must be set out in writing.
  • Welders with a valid test certificate in accordance with DIN EN ISO 9606ff and, in the case of fully mechanical and automatic welding processes, machine operators with a valid certificate in accordance with DIN EN ISO 14732 are required.

Part 5: Documents whose requirements must be met in order to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of ISO 3834-2, ISO 3834-3 or ISO 3834-4.

Areas of application

Quality assurance systems according to the DIN EN ISO 3834 series of standards are required by the standards for quality assurance in the various welding application areas . This concerns on the one hand the building supervision area (steel construction) with DIN EN 1090-2, pressure equipment construction according to AD 2000 HP0 or rail vehicle construction with DIN EN 15085-2.

For shipbuilding, the regulations and guidelines of Germanischer Lloyd GL II-3 materials and welding technology - welding regulate the process requirements , implementation and quality assurance.

Individual evidence

  1. DIN EN ISO 3834 Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials. 2006.
  2. a b DIN EN ISO 3834-1: 2006-03 Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials - Part 1: Criteria for the selection of the appropriate level of quality requirements . 2006.
  3. DIN EN ISO 3834-2: 2006-3 Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials - Part 2: Comprehensive quality requirements . 2006.
  4. a b c DIN EN ISO 9606-1: 2013-12 Examination of welders - Fusion welding - Part 1: Steels.
  5. a b c DIN EN ISO 9606-2: 2005-03 Examination of welders - Fusion welding - Part 2: Aluminum and aluminum alloys.
  6. a b c DIN EN ISO 14732: 2013-12 Welding personnel - testing of operators and fitters for mechanical and automatic welding of metallic materials.
  7. DIN EN ISO 3834-3: 2006-3 Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials - Part 3: Standard quality requirements . 2006.
  8. DIN EN ISO 3834-4: 2006-3 Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials - Part 4: Elementary quality requirements . 2006.
  9. DIN EN ISO 3834-5: 2006-3 Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials - Part 5: Documents, the requirements of which must be met in order to comply with the requirements of ISO 3834-2, ISO 3834-3 or ISO 3834- 4 to prove. 2006.
  10. DIN EN 1090-2: 2011-10 Execution of steel structures and aluminum structures - Part 2: Technical rules for the execution of steel structures.
  11. AD 2000-Merkblatt HP 0: 2013-02 General principles for design, manufacture and related tests.
  12. DIN EN 15085-2: 2008-01 Railway applications - Welding of rail vehicles and vehicle parts - Part 2: Quality requirements and certification of welding companies.
  13. Germanischer Lloyd: Regulations & Guidelines ( Memento of the original dated September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gl-group.com

literature

  • R. Zwätz: Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials: Commentary on the series of standards DIN EN ISO 3834. Beuth, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-410-16586-6 .