Garage door
The main types of garage doors are:
- Up-and-over door or up-and-over door (the lower edge of the door swings out in a circular path, guided by two lever arms, the upper edge of the door essentially only moves in one plane - can also be used in the underground garage as a door for the parking box) Up-and-over doors are usually made of galvanized, coated sheet steel. Due to the design, such gates require the necessary space on the outside.
- Sectional door (as overhead sectional door or as side sectional door ). The door leaf consists of several individual sections, each of which is guided under the ceiling or to the side with rollers on rails. The individual panels connected by joints enable not only efficient insulation but also a high level of security against break-ins.
- Up-and-over door, one-piece door that does not swing out (guided by two vertical and two horizontal running rails at the top)
- Roller shutter (the garage door is closed with a roller shutter that is rolled up.)
- Swing gate / swing gate (as a single or double leaf gate)
Electric garage door operator
A garage door drive is a device driven by an electric motor to open and close garage doors.
As a rule, drive chains , toothed belts or movement screws (so-called spindle drives ) are used as drive means . This drive means then moves a carriage (guide carriage) which is connected to the door via a metal piece (guide rail). A circuit board, a transformer and an electric motor are usually housed in the drive housing. When the drive is actuated, the motor turns a wheel or pinion and moves the carriage forwards or backwards in the guide rail. Limit switches or electronic cut-off devices are used to switch off the gate open / close end positions. Pulses between the end positions are counted and switched off when they are reached. Mainly DC motors are used, since the simpler electronic control enables the garage door to start and brake gently. In a similar system, the motor is mounted in the carriage and moves along a single-track tensioned chain. The motor is supplied with power via the drive chain and rail with sliding contacts, similar to a model railway. The garage door drive is triggered via radio ( hand transmitter ) or a potential-free contact via a key switch , a code lock or a wall button .
Garage doors with solar drive
If the garage does not have a house mains connection, the door can be opened automatically with a special garage door drive with battery operation.
This garage door drive, also known as a solar drive, draws its energy from a battery in the garage. It is specially designed for economical power consumption. The battery is charged via a solar collector located on the roof of the garage.
Alternatively, the accumulator can also be detached from the drive via a plug connection. The battery can then be charged in the house with a charger for mains connection if required.
Norms and standards
- DIN EN 13241-1 Doors - Product standard - Part 1: Products without fire and smoke protection properties
- DIN EN 12433-1 Doors - Terminology - Part 1: Types of doors
- DIN EN 12433-2 Doors - Terminology - Part 2: Gate components
- DIN EN 12426 doors - air permeability: classification
- DIN EN 12427 doors - air permeability: test method
- DIN EN 12428 doors - heat transfer coefficient: requirements for the calculation
- DIN EN 12424 gates - resistance to wind load: classification
- DIN EN 12444 gates - resistance to wind load: testing and calculations
- DIN EN 12453 doors - Safety in use of power operated doors: Requirements
- DIN EN 12445 doors - Safety in use of power-operated doors: test method
- DIN EN 12425 gates - resistance to penetrating water: classification
- DIN EN 12489 gates - Resistance to penetrating water: test method
- DIN EN 12604 doors - mechanical aspects: requirements
- DIN EN 12605 doors - mechanical aspects: test methods
- DIN EN 12635 goals - installation and use
- DIN EN 12978 Doors and gates - Protective devices for power-operated doors and gates: Requirements and test methods
Overhead sectional door when opening (inside)
Sectional door as a high-speed door with window and door elements
Individual evidence
- ↑ Comparison of roller doors, up-and-over doors and sectional doors. March 23, 2017. Retrieved September 28, 2017 .
