Garschasp

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Modern representation of the Garschasp (2010)

Garschāsp ( Persian گرشاسپ Garšāsp , old Persian : Kirsāsp ) is a figure in Persian mythology . He is the fourth king of the heroic age and is described in the tenth book of the Shāhnāme , the Persian book of kings by the Persian poet Firdausi (940 / 41-1020). Theoriginal Avestan form is Kərəsāspa . Rückert translates Gerschasp .

Kərəsāspa in Zoroastrian literature

In the Avesta , Kərəsāspa appears as the dragon slayer of the dragons Gandarəβa and Aži Sruvara . One day Kərəsāspa was resting on a mountain. When he lit a fire to prepare a warm meal, he found that the mountain was the back of a dragon that he had awakened with his fire. Kərəsāspa fled at first, but then returned and killed the dragon.

The sea monster Gandarəβa or Gandarw was also killed by Kərəsāspa. Gandarw drew Kərəsāspa into the sea. They fought for nine days. In the end, he had tied up the monster and defeated it. Tired of the fight, he ordered his companion, Axrūrag, to guard the monster so that he could rest a little. But Axrūrag failed, the monster was able to free itself and drag Axrūrag and the family of Kərəsāspa into the sea. When Kirsāsp awoke, he killed the monster and freed Axrūrag and his family.

Garshāsp in Garchaspnāme

Āsādi Tusi processed the legend of Garshasp in his own epic, the Garchaspnāme . In this epic, Garshasp is referred to as the son of Esret ( Persian اثرط) or Θrita and grandson of Sāma . The descent of Sama is said to be the son of Tovorg ( Persian طورگ), who is the son of Šēdasp , who in turn is the son of Tur . Tur is given as the illegitimate son of Jamschid and a daughter of Kurang , King of Zabulistan . At the time of his relationship with the daughter of Kurang, Jamjid is said to have been on the run from Zahak , who overthrew him to become Shah of Iran.

In the epic Garshāspnāma it is reported that Zahak was still in power when Garshasp was born. When Zahak came to Zabulistan one day, he met Garshasp and asked him to fight a sea monster, which he then did. After Garshasp had killed the monster, he was ordered by Zahak to India to put down a rebellion there. Garshasp goes to India, defeats Bahu , who opposed Zahak, and stays in India for a period of time. After returning to Iran, his father dies and Garshasp becomes king of Zabulistan. Since Garshasp has no son, he adopts Neriman , Rostam's grandfather , and appoints him as his heir. The epic ends after the description of further battles and dragon fights with the death of Garshasp.

Garschasp in Schahname Sage X

Ferdosi dedicates in Schahname Garschasp, Rückert uses Gerschasp, in Sage 10 only a few verses. Garschasp, the son of Zau, takes over the throne after his death. One only learns about his rule:

"As he sat on the father's throne, he
held the world with dignity and measure."

When Afrasiab learns that Zau has died, he wants to come to an understanding with Garschasp about the succession to the throne. But he doesn't want to receive him. Rather, he mourns the death of his son Agrirath . After the death of Garschasp, the throne of Iran is orphaned again.

At this point Ferdosi takes up the story of Rostam again. Zāl , who is himself a Pahlevan, proclaims Rostam a Pahlevan (hero). Rostam catches a wild gray horse , gives it the name Rachsch and trains it to his riding horse. While Zal is keeping Afrasiab in check with an army, Rostam goes to the Elburs Mountains to see Kai Kobad , a descendant of Fereydun, and takes him to the throne of Iran. Kai Kobad accepts and becomes the eleventh Shah of Iran.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Friedrich Rückert: Firdosi's King Book , (Schahname) Sage I-XIII. 1890, pp. 279-294.
predecessor Office successor
Zau King of Shāhnāme
1800–2300 after Gayomarth 		Kai Kobad