Articulated vehicle

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Van Hool double articulated bus (length 24.80 m)

An articulated vehicle, or Vehicle hot vehicles , which consist of several articulated non-separable parts, wherein a passage is possible through the joint while driving. For this purpose, there is typically a turntable in the area of ​​the joint, which inevitably adjusts itself so that the angles between the longitudinal axis of the two vehicle parts and the longitudinal axis of the turntable are both always the same. The outer skin in the area of ​​the joint must be able to deform elastically and is therefore normally designed as a bellows . Transparent bellows are being tested to improve the brightness inside the vehicle.

Joints are provided in order to make vehicles more curvilinear, crests and descents without having to dismantle them into several separate parts. If it is only about cornering, a swivel joint that is rigid in the vertical is sufficient; in practice, the two vehicle parts must usually be able to lift and lower ("nod") each other. The joint construction itself in bus joints traditionally consists of two approximately triangular components that are attached (partly rubber-elastic) to the two car parts and connected in the middle by the actual joint. They are connected to one another by buckling dampers. A distinction is made between "pusher" and "puller" joints; with the former, the front end is pushed through the driven rear end, with the latter, the rear end is pulled from the front end. The conventional length of a joint is about 1.6 m; A short pusher joint is currently being developed, which works according to a completely different principle with two cross members that are articulated on both sides and are around 60 cm shorter, which corresponds to an additional row of seats in a normal city bus.

Many omnibuses (especially city ​​buses , recently also intercity buses ) are articulated buses , and numerous trolleybuses are also designed as articulated trolleybuses . Likewise, modern light rail - and also full-line - railcars are almost always articulated. Omnibuses and trolleybuses usually have one, in rare exceptional cases two joints, while full rail vehicles and light rail units, on the other hand, often have far more joints (up to six), the latter in order to be able to meander through the tight curves, crests and hollows on tram routes, for example in old towns.

Not to be confused with articulated vehicles are rail vehicles that consist of several closely coupled units (e.g. class 420 S-Bahn multiple units ). The individual wagons can be operationally separated here.

There are some unpowered articulated cars in rail transport; most of them are freight cars , but it has also been joint dining car and trams also joint sidecar given.

The definition for the articulated vehicle can be found in the Austrian law §2 KFG Z13. Source: https://www.jusline.at/gesetz/kfg/paragraf/2

See also

Web links

Commons : Articulated Vehicle  - Collection of Images