Protected part of the landscape at the Apfelhof Am Franziskus
The protected landscape component Apfelhof Am Franziskus with 1.74 hectares is located on the north-western edge of Sundern and in the Hochsauerlandkreis . The area was designated as a protected landscape component (LB) by the district council of the Hochsauerlandkreis during the redesign of the Sundern landscape plan in 2019 . Before that, the area was without protection. The LB is located on Mount Franziskus on Bergstrasse and borders directly on the buildings of Sundern in the south and east. It is otherwise surrounded by the landscape protection area on the outskirts of Settmecke .
Area description
The landscape plan lists LB: “With its area, it is of outstanding quality for the landscape. The apple trees are z. Some of them are very old, a few have already died. Hedge structures are often found at the parcel boundaries. The establishment will secure a culturally, historically and aesthetically valuable fruit tree population on the edge of the settlement. "
In 2019, it was the largest and most valuable orchard in the city of Sundern. In particular, the imposing, thick apple trees of the Schöner variety from Boskoop on the northern edge should be mentioned. In the old apple trees there are numerous caves and cracks that birds and insects can use as shelter and breeding ground. In addition, nesting boxes have been hanging in some trees since the 1990s. The common redstart brooded in trees until the 1990s . The green woodpecker has been using the meadow as a breeding ground since the 2000s. The association for nature and bird protection in the Hochsauerlandkreis tried in vain to lease or buy the apple farm in order to protect it permanently. Land owners for two individuals and the city Sundern not leased the area, as they then Bauerwartungsland was and was expected there soon land to sell for homes. That is why the city of Sundern made sure in 1993 that the area was not in the landscape plan area of the Sundern landscape plan and so remained without a protective designation. Until the early 1990s, the area was used as pasture for cattle and, at times, horses. She then fell broke at times . Since the 2010s, the area has been grazed with sheep and used by a beekeeper.
Protection purpose
The Sundern landscape plan explains the protected landscape elements: “All protected landscape elements are culturally accentuated or near-natural landscape elements which, with their independent character, clearly differ from the surrounding forest and field landscape. The special protection of these small structures is necessary because of their prominent position for the efficiency of the natural balance and / or for the attractiveness of the landscape. The LB determination takes into account the landscape significance of the objects, which it sets out above the "normal" landscape inventory of a landscape protection area . "
Prohibitions and development measures of the landscape plan of 2019
As with all protected landscape components, according to Section 29 (2) BNatschG, it is prohibited to damage, uproot, excavate or separate parts of it or otherwise impair its growth or appearance. Proper care is exempt from the ban. It is also forbidden to attach, store, deposit, discharge or otherwise dispose of substances or objects in the area of the protected landscape element that could endanger or impair the appearance or the existence of the protected landscape element. This also applies to organic or mineral fertilizers and animal feed. If trees are destroyed or damaged, the Lower Nature Conservation Authority can set a replacement planting or a replacement money.
Two development measures have been set specifically for the LB. Loss of fruit trees are to be preserved until the decay phase and then replanted and existing deficiencies are to be supplemented with location-adapted fruit varieties.
History of the LB Apfelhof Am Franziskus
The designation of the Am Franziskus apple farm was proposed to the Lower Nature Conservation Authority in 2010 by the Association for Nature and Bird Conservation in the Hochsauerlandkreis (VNV) during the planning for the reorganization of the Sundern landscape plan . In 2018 there were 34 old apple trees in the area. In order to close the tree gaps in the orchard - some trees died over the years - 45 fruit trees of old, rare varieties were replanted in the urban area in November 2018: 44 tall apple trees of typical varieties in the Sauerland and one walnut tree . Three or two trees of an old apple variety were planted after pruning. Two standing dead wood trunks remained as habitat z. B. for wood-dwelling insects on the surface. The project, which started in 2018, is carried out in cooperation with the city of Sundern, the Biological Station Hochsauerlandkreis and the VNV. The city took over the costs of the action on the urban area. Only the walnut tree in the middle of the area was paid for by the VNV. The planting was carried out by the five-person landscape maintenance team from the Biological Station Hochsauerlandkreis - an occupation of two weeks. So that the sheep that graze the area and rabbits cannot damage the trees through browsing, massive protection with four oak stakes and four oak boards with sheep wire and rabbit wire was built. A pile of reading stones was piled up with the numerous stones from the planting pits. Two piles of dead wood were piled up next to it. Stone piles and two piles of dead wood are intended to serve as a biotope for lizards and other animals. So that the fruit trees grow well in the stony loam soil, there was also good compost soil in the planting pit.
The first old trees were pruned in spring 2019. Two of the apple trees that were planted died in the extremely dry summer of 2019. Two replacement trees were planted in November 2019. Unfortunately in one case, instead of a Prinzenapfel, the town bought a Finkenwerder Herbstprinz , a variety from the Lower Elbe.
The VNV takes over the care of the orchard free of lease, whereby a usage contract for 20 years was concluded between the VNV and the city in March 2019. The VNV is responsible for harvesting, using and processing the fruit. So far it is planned that the people of Sundern can, as before, pick apples themselves as needed. The possibility of harvesting individual trees was auctioned until the 1980s.
The VNV carries out the pruning of the young trees and the maintenance of the old trees. For the first repair cut of the old apple trees, the VNV receives 125 euros per old tree, this is the amount otherwise paid in NRW for a repair cut of old fruit trees. The maintenance cut of the 34 old trees is to be carried out from 2019 to 2022, the agreed sum for the maintenance cut of 4,250 euros will be paid in four annual installments. For the pruning of the young trees and the normal maintenance of the old trees, the VNV receives an annual maintenance fee of 400 euros. The receipt of the Apple Farm Am Franziskus is credited to the city's eco-account with many eco-points. From the city's eco-account, with fixed compensatory and replacement measures , e.g. B. for buildings, according to §§ 14 and 15 of the Federal Nature Conservation Act (BNatSchG) as well as §§ 1a and 35 of the Building Code (BauGB) points are debited in order to provide the prescribed compensation and replacement. That is the only reason why the city was willing to pay for this project as described.
literature
- Hochsauerlandkreis: Landscape plan Sundern - reorganization . Meschede 2019.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Landscape plan Sundern - reorganization, p. 173 ff. (PDF) Retrieved on May 15, 2019 .
- ^ Hochsauerlandkreis: Landscape plan Sundern. Meschede 1993, p. 74.
- ↑ a b Martin Lindner: VNV takes over Apfelhof Am Franziskus in Sundern . In: Naturmagazin Irrgeister , 36th year, 2019, pp. 32–33
- ↑ Martin Lindner: New establishment of the landscape plan Sundern legally binding . In: Naturmagazin Irrgeister , 36th year, 2019, pp. 17–22
Coordinates: 51 ° 19 ′ 45.6 ″ N , 7 ° 59 ′ 32.5 ″ E