Giornata

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The Giornata , German Tagwerk is in the fresco , the applied in one operation painting surface. A large plastered area with horizontal plaster borders that run on the same level as scaffolding layers is known as a pontata (Italian) or scaffolding border .

Basics

When producing frescoes in wall painting , a certain area of plaster must be applied and the painting must be finished on this day, because afterwards the plaster hardens and a real fresco is no longer possible (the expression comes from the Italian fresco "fresh", in the Renaissance expressly as a buon fresco ). Unfinished plastered surfaces are removed again. These coherent surface elements are called Tagwerk or (Italian) giornata or as a framework boundary or (Italian) pontata .

She is a typical size for a painter, which is related to his way of working; Leonardo da Vinci and Paul Troger are known for their large daily works . These painters have already included the Giornate in the signing .

Daily work limits

The daily work boundary can be seen along the arm, head and back of the figure,
ceiling painting of the Sistine Chapel , Michelangelo (between 1508 and 1512)

Because the new plastered surface is usually attached to the older painted surface on the next day, the daily work boundaries remain legible, whereby the painter's goal is to make them as invisible as possible. For this purpose, they were usually laid out along contours that were already present in the image. They are nevertheless clearly visible in the side light . When examining old wall paintings, it is not only possible to differentiate between the individual dayworks themselves, from the direction in which one plastered area after the other on one plastered edge has emerged, a daywork plan can be drawn up that documents the creation of large-scale paintings.

Daily work by different hands

Experienced fresco painters usually set the first daily works in the central parts of the picture. Often the background paintings or even secondary characters were then carried out by employees in a workshop. Such changes of hands can also be seen in the daily work plans. In some frescoes it is even documented that only the faces were painted by the master as a day's work, the rest of the figure is complemented by another hand or is in front of it.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Giornata. In: Angela Weyer et al. (Ed.): EwaGlos. European Illustrated Glossary Of Conservation Terms For Wall Paintings And Architectural Surfaces . English Definitions with translations into Bulgarian, Croatian, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Romanian, Spanish and Turkish. Michael Imhof, Petersberg 2015, ISBN 978-3-7319-0260-7 , p. 78 , doi : 10.5165 / hawk-hhg / 233 ( download ).
  2. ↑ Pontata. In: Angela Weyer et al. (Ed.): EwaGlos. European Illustrated Glossary Of Conservation Terms For Wall Paintings And Architectural Surfaces . English Definitions with translations into Bulgarian, Croatian, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Romanian, Spanish and Turkish. Michael Imhof, Petersberg 2015, ISBN 978-3-7319-0260-7 , p. 74 , doi : 10.5165 / hawk-hhg / 233 ( download ).
  3. ↑ Albert Knoepfli; Oskar Emmenegger: Wall painting up to the end of the Middle Ages. In: Reclam's Handbook of Artistic Techniques, Volume 2, Wall Painting and Mosaic. Philipp Reclam jun. Stuttgart, 1990, ISBN 3150103452 , p. 64.

literature

See also