Gypsum wallboard
| Plaster of Paris Wallboard | |
|---|---|
 Construction of a non-load-bearing, lightweight partition wall made of solid gypsum blocks |
|
| origin | |
| raw materials | plaster |
| Material properties | |
| Bulk density ρ | 850 to 1500 kg / m³ |
| commitment | |
| Areas of application | partition wall |
Gypsum blocks (formerly also called gypsum floorboards ) are structural elements made of solid stucco for the production of non-load-bearing internal partition walls, shaft walls, cladding or support cladding in the interior.
The walls are erected with plaster glue without a substructure. Because of this fundamental difference, gypsum blocks should not be confused with the thinner gypsum plasterboard (GKB) that is used as planking for stud walls.
Format and texture
In area format they are:
- Length 666 mm,
- Height 500 mm.
Three panels thus each result in 1 m².
Gypsum blocks are manufactured in accordance with EN 12859. They differ in thickness, bulk density and type. The thicknesses are 60 mm, 80 mm or 100 mm. In terms of construction, two bulk densities are of particular importance:
- Average gross density of approx. 800 kg / m³ to <1,100 kg / m³ (natural white panels for all standard applications)
- High density of> 1,100 kg / m³ to ≤ 1,500 kg / m³ (reddish colored panels for use with higher sound insulation requirements)
These are in the area format:
- Length 500 mm,
- Height 500 mm.
Four panels thus each result in 1 m².
For domestic kitchens and bathrooms, water-repellent (hydrophobic) panels in medium and high density are also available. These are colored bluish.
All plates are provided with tongue and groove all round .
properties
Gypsum blocks combine the advantages of classic masonry with those of modern drywall and only small amounts of water are used for construction. As with masonry, massive, void-free partition walls with high stability are created. To distinguish it from conventional drywall with stud walls and plasterboard or gypsum fiber board is of solid drywall spoken.
With weights per unit area of around 54 kg / m² to 120 kg / m², non-load-bearing internal partition walls made of gypsum blocks are among the light partition walls. If the so-called partition wall surcharge according to DIN 1055-3 was taken into account in the static dimensioning , the walls can be erected at any point on the ceiling - usually also on floating screed. This means that the floor plan is very flexible: walls can be added, removed or relocated at a later date.
The partition walls are 60, 80 or 100 mm thick and appear robust and stable due to their massive construction. Even heavy console loads can be fixed anywhere on the wall with standard dowels .
Gypsum is a good fire protection building material because of the stored crystal water. With a thickness of 60 mm, gypsum blocks offer 30 minutes fire resistance (F30-A). With 80 mm thickness it is 120 minutes (F120-A) and with 100 mm thickness three hours (F180-A).
The partition walls are elastically connected to adjacent walls, ceilings and floors with all-round edge insulation strips. As a result, the walls are acoustically decoupled and the transmission of structure-borne noise is significantly reduced. The elastic connection contributes significantly to the good sound insulation of lightweight partition walls made of gypsum blocks.
As with all gypsum building materials, the surfaces of the wall panels are always warm and dry. The material can absorb moisture from the room air and release it again without becoming damp itself. As a result, plaster of paris contributes to a low-fluctuation and comfortable indoor climate.
processing
The position of the wall is marked on the floor with a chalk line and the crack on the walls is plumbed up. Then the elastic edge strip for sound decoupling, z. B. from sound decoupling strips based on bitumen, PE heavy foam or mineral wool to fix. With sufficiently smooth substrates, a self-adhesive version of PE heavy-duty foam edge strips simplifies processing. Otherwise, the laying of a fleece-covered edge strip in a bed of plaster of paris adhesive is preferable because the plaster of paris can be used to level out minor unevenness.
After the gypsum bed has dried, the actual wall construction begins: apply gypsum glue to the edge strips and the panel on the front and place the panel firmly against the floor and the adjacent wall. When the next plate is placed, the circumferential profile made of tongue and groove ensures the perfect fit with each other. The panels can be aligned and pushed tightly by tapping them lightly with the rubber mallet. The gypsum adhesive that oozes out at the joints must be removed.
The second row begins with half a tile or a piece of tile so that there are no cross joints; however, cross joints have not proven to be detrimental in practice. All fitting pieces and blanks can be cut with normal saws, e.g. B. a foxtail, be made by yourself. Thoroughly remove sawdust after cutting.
The last row should end 3 to 4 cm below the ceiling. At the ceiling connection, bevel cuts on the upper edge of the last row of panels make it easier to completely fill the connection joint. But even horizontal cuts are not a problem, as long as the joints are dust-free and completely filled with a strong adhesive and burn-proof plaster of paris for fillings and frames.
Slots for the electrical installation are made with milling cutters or a groove puller, recesses for switches or sockets with the socket countersink - these must not be chiselled out in walls made of gypsum blocks. Openings for doors can be left out when the wall is erected or later sawed out at any point.
Partition walls made of gypsum blocks do not require any plaster, they are only filled in the joint and connection area or over the entire surface, optionally with the plaster adhesive itself or a surface spatula. The elastic edge insulation strips should be wider than the wall thickness. The overhang must be cut off flush after filling. Inadvertent overfilling of the strips must be removed, e.g. B. with a severing cut. The surfaces can then be wallpapered or painted.
Gypsum blocks can also be tiled. In this case, the surface must not be filled; only the adhesive residue that emerges from the joints is cleanly removed. Before applying tiles, wallpaper or painting, a primer may be required, depending on the information provided by the respective manufacturer.
annotation
In Germany, the following standards must be observed when processing gypsum blocks:
- DIN EN 12859 Gypsum blocks - Definitions, requirements and test methods; German version 2008-06
- DIN EN 12860 Gypsum adhesive for gypsum blocks - Definitions, requirements, test methods; German version 2001 + AC: 2002
- DIN 4103-2 Non-load-bearing internal partition walls; Partitions made of plasterboard; 1985-12
- The former national standard DIN 18163 gypsum blocks was withdrawn in the course of the introduction of the European standard. The European EN 15318 has not yet been introduced as a valid standard by the building authorities in Germany.
Similar building materials
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Multigips.de: Fire protection with gypsum blocks ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. PDF from January 2014.
