Girra

Girra ( ^d GIS.BAR) is the Babylonian fire god. Like Erra and Anu , he is one of the gods of the night (DINGIR.MEŠ šá GI ₆ -ti DINGIR) who are in the sky when Šamaš and Sin have set. He is the son of Anus .

Nickname

He is referred to as the "wild girra" (CBS 574, 12) or the "wild warrior" (BM 78962, 16).

function

Girra is regularly invoked in exorcistic texts and protects against magic, as does Nusku or Šamaš. Girra is the light of humanity (BM 78962, 33). Girra walks with Asalluḫi , the exorcist of the gods, he is also often invoked with him. There were specific invocations to Girra, such as én libli ^d girra .

Literary testimonies

In the Erra epic , Girra is supposed to clean Marduk's weapons . The poorly preserved epic of Girra and Elamatum (BM 78962, presumably from Dēr ) tells how Enlil raised the fire god to a higher rank after his victory over Elamatum, the woman from Elam who caused famine and sterility of cattle. He should be allowed to eat and drink in front of his brothers. Girra had killed Elanatum, and Enlil transferred her body to heaven. It is unclear which constellation it is.

Equations

In later times Girra, like Anu, is equated with Mars ( ^mul ma-ak-ru-u).

literature

Christopher Walker 1983, The Myth of Girra and Elamatum. Anatolian Studies 33 (Special Number in Honor of the Seventy-Fifth Birthday of Dr. Richard Barnett), 145–152.

Individual evidence

^ Wayne Horowitz, Nathan Wasserman, Another Old Babylonian Prayer to the Gods of the Night. Journal of Cuneiform Studies 48, 1996, 58
^ Wayne Horowitz, Nathan Wasserman, Another Old Babylonian Prayer to the Gods of the Night. Journal of Cuneiform Studies 48, 1996, 58
↑ Christopher Walker, The Myth of Girra and Elamatum. Anatolian Studies 33 (Special Number in Honor of the Seventy-Fifth Birthday of Dr. Richard Barnett), 1983, 149
↑ Christopher Walker, The Myth of Girra and Elamatum. Anatolian Studies 33 (Special Number in Honor of the Seventy-Fifth Birthday of Dr. Richard Barnett), 1983, 146
^ Tzvi Abusch, Mesopotamian Anti-Witchcraft Literature: Texts and Studies Part I: The Nature of Maqlû: Its Character, Divisions, and Calendrical Setting. Journal of Near Eastern Studies 33/2, 1974, 257
↑ Christopher Walker, The Myth of Girra and Elamatum. Anatolian Studies 33 (Special Number in Honor of the Seventy-Fifth Birthday of Dr. Richard Barnett), 1983, 145-152
^ Wayne Horowitz, Nathan Wasserman, Another Old Babylonian Prayer to the Gods of the Night. Journal of Cuneiform Studies 48, 1996, 60

[1] Wayne Horowitz, Nathan Wasserman, Another Old Babylonian Prayer to the Gods of the Night. Journal of Cuneiform Studies 48, 1996, 58

[2] Wayne Horowitz, Nathan Wasserman, Another Old Babylonian Prayer to the Gods of the Night. Journal of Cuneiform Studies 48, 1996, 58

[3] Christopher Walker, The Myth of Girra and Elamatum. Anatolian Studies 33 (Special Number in Honor of the Seventy-Fifth Birthday of Dr. Richard Barnett), 1983, 149

[4] Christopher Walker, The Myth of Girra and Elamatum. Anatolian Studies 33 (Special Number in Honor of the Seventy-Fifth Birthday of Dr. Richard Barnett), 1983, 146

[5] Tzvi Abusch, Mesopotamian Anti-Witchcraft Literature: Texts and Studies Part I: The Nature of Maqlû: Its Character, Divisions, and Calendrical Setting. Journal of Near Eastern Studies 33/2, 1974, 257

[6] Christopher Walker, The Myth of Girra and Elamatum. Anatolian Studies 33 (Special Number in Honor of the Seventy-Fifth Birthday of Dr. Richard Barnett), 1983, 145-152

[7] Wayne Horowitz, Nathan Wasserman, Another Old Babylonian Prayer to the Gods of the Night. Journal of Cuneiform Studies 48, 1996, 60