Large clostridial cytotoxins

Large clostridial cytotoxins (LCT) are exceptionally large toxins for bacteria with a molar mass of over 250 kDA . Their toxic effect consists in the modification of the Rho-GTPase , which is glycosylated and loses its effect. As a result, actin filaments transform into so-called stress fibers , the cell becomes misshapen and loses its hold.

Specifically, the following processes take place: receptor-mediated endocytosis , transport of glycosyltransferase - Domain through the membrane channel into the cell, mobilization of the enzyme component by Autoproteolysis and inactivation of Rho family of GTPases by glycosylation .

Representatives are:

Clostridium difficile

TcdA
TcdB

Clostridium sordellii

TcsL
TcsH

Clostridium novyi

Tcn alpha

Individual evidence

↑ E. Oswald, M. Sugai et al. a .: Cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 2 produced by virulent Escherichia coli modifies the small GTP-binding proteins Rho involved in assembly of actin stress fibers. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Volume 91, Number 9, April 1994, pp. 3814-3818, ISSN 0027-8424 . PMID 8170993 . PMC 43672 (free full text).
↑ TCDB : 1.C.57 The Clostridial Cytotoxin (CCT) Family.

[PMID8170993-1] E. Oswald, M. Sugai et al. a .: Cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 2 produced by virulent Escherichia coli modifies the small GTP-binding proteins Rho involved in assembly of actin stress fibers. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Volume 91, Number 9, April 1994, pp. 3814-3818, ISSN 0027-8424 . PMID 8170993 . PMC 43672 (free full text).

[2] TCDB : 1.C.57 The Clostridial Cytotoxin (CCT) Family.