Urine salt
Urine salt (also urine salt ) does not denote a uniformly defined chemical compound , but was mostly used in the past in different scientific contexts for different substances and substance mixtures.
- In the chemical dictionary (1807), the brown, prismatic crystals that separate from evaporated urine in the cold are named as urine salt ( Sal urinae ). After the brown color has been removed by recrystallization , the product obtained is also known as “fusible urine salt”, “microcosmic salt”, sal essentiale urinae , sal microcosmicum or “sodium amoniato-phosphoricum”; it is a sodium / ammonium mixed salt of orthophosphoric acid . It was - among other urine salts - examined as sal microcosmicum by Andreas Sigismund Marggraf .
- Heinrich August Pierer defined it in 1859 as “ Sal urinae volatile , the carbonic acid ammonia obtained from the distillation of urine”.
- In the agricultural literature of the early 19th century, in connection with the processing of the odor nuisance of latrines, the "dung urine salt" (also "fertilizer urine salt") is mentioned. These are calcium precipitates - calcium salts - of the substances in the urine. They were also referred to as " urates ", but in this sense they are not salts of uric acid , for which this term is used uniformly today.
- From the early 20th century, the needle-like crystals of uric acid salts that are formed at acidic pH are sometimes referred to as uric salts in medical literature . The deposits in gouty feces known as uric salts are not uniform compounds either, but can consist of different materials.
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Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Friedrich Wolff: Chemical Dictionary: E - J . Voss, 1807, p. 616 ff.
- ↑ Ernst Friedrich Anthon: Concise dictionary of chemical-pharmaceutical and pharmacognostic nomenclatures: or overview of all Latin, German and French names of chemical-pharmaceutical preparations, as well as the raw medicinal substances occurring in the trade, for doctors, pharmacists and druggists . Schrag, 1833, p. 303.
- ↑ Andreas Sigismund Marggraf: Some new methods to produce phosphorus in the solid state more easily than before from urine and to obtain it conveniently and purely from combustible material (phlogiston) and a peculiar salt to be separated from the urine . W. Engelmann, 1913.
- ^ Heinrich August Pierer: Pierer's Universal Lexicon of the Past and Present or the latest encyclopedic dictionary of the sciences, arts and crafts: Hannover - Johannek . Pierer, 1859, p. 53.
- ↑ Nature and Art Lexicon 1824, p. 259.
- ^ A b Johann Carl Nestler, Franz Diebl: Mittheilungen about the most appropriate choice, preparation and use of the fertilizer . Rohrer, 1835, p. 78.
- ^ Friedrich Henke, Otto Lubarsch, Robert Rössle: Handbook of special pathological anatomy and histology . Springer, 1937, p. 316.
- ↑ G. Axhausen, E. Bergmann, L. Haslhofer, FJ Lang, A. Lauche, W. Putschar and MB Schmidt: Bones and Joints . Springer-Verlag, March 9, 2013, ISBN 978-3-7091-5998-9 , p. 316.