Hardwood plants

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Hard foliage plants are evergreen trees and shrubs that are adapted to periodic dry seasons. Usually they have leathery, rolled up or needle-shaped leaves ( hard- leaf vegetation ), which are small, stiff and quite durable. In addition, the adjustments to the dry season also include various types of evaporation protection, such as a layer of wax on the leaves or essential oils. Another feature is the thick bark .

They occur in areas with hot, dry summers, e.g. B. in the Mediterranean area . They include myrtle , pistachio , rosemary , tree heather , laurel , olive, and cork oak . In their entirety (with the exception of cork oaks) they can be found for the most part in the maquis (German: "thicket, bushes"), a bush formation in the hard- leaf vegetation zone .

Depending on their species, the hard-leaf plants have a large root system (extension: 6–12 meters), which is used to absorb sufficient nutrients from the nutrient-poor soil.

literature

  • Westerman "Diercke Geographie", "2.5 Winter Humid Subtropics - Zone of the Hard Foliage" p. 137.

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