Hauptschule (time of National Socialism)

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Ordinance on the provisional regulation of the establishment and maintenance of secondary schools of March 31, 1943

The Hauptschule was an elite school of general education during the Nazi era . Unlike the National Political educational institutions (NPEA / NAPOLA) and the Adolf Hitler Schools but does not serve the education of the next generation for top positions in the party and administration, but should only exceptionally talented primary school children convey an educational foundation, "on the training medium for all can. "and prestigious professions in agriculture, commerce, trade, technology, industry and administration, and build for all home economics, nursing, social and technical-artistic female occupations She went so far as particular next six years, for students from poorer sections of the population not affordable middle school .

The conception of the secondary school originally comes from Austria , which was annexed to the German Reich in 1938 , where it had existed since 1927. The first secondary schools were established in the Altreich in autumn 1940. The new school type was introduced across the board in the Altreich with a circular issued by the Reich Minister of Education on June 13, 1942 with effect from the 1942/43 school year. At the end of 1942 there were said to have already been 400 secondary schools outside Austria.

According to the will of those responsible, about a third of the elementary school students should transfer to the secondary school after the 4th school year. The prerequisites for admission were reliable performance, especially in German and arithmetic , a recognizable ability to think independently, persistent will to learn and aptitude for character.

The Hauptschule must not be confused with the school type of the same name in the Federal Republic of Germany , which emerged from the old elementary school at the end of the 1960s .

literature

  • Heinz Schreckenberg: Upbringing, the environment and the war effort of German youth under Hitler , Lit Verlag, Münster 2000, ISBN 3-825-84433-1 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Millesi, Auguste: The establishment of the secondary school in the Reich, in: National Socialist Girls Education 8 (1942), p. 162 f .; quoted from Heinz Schreckenberg: Education, lifeworld and war effort of the German youth under Hitler , Lit Verlag, Münster 2000, ISBN 3-825-84433-1 , p. 69.
  2. ^ Keil, Theo: The introduction of the secondary school in the old Reichsgebiet , in: Weltanschauung und Schule 6 (1942), p. 137 ff .; quoted from Heinz Schreckenberg: Education, lifeworld and war effort of the German youth under Hitler , Lit Verlag, Münster 2000, ISBN 3-825-84433-1 , p. 69.
  3. ↑ Machacek, H .: The selection for the secondary school and its implementation , in: Weltanschauung und Schule 6 (1942), p. 142 ff .; quoted from Heinz Schreckenberg: Education, lifeworld and war effort of German youth under Hitler , Lit Verlag, Münster 2000, ISBN 3-825-84433-1 , p. 68.