Army Ammunition Plant Löcknitz
Coordinates: 53 ° 30 ′ 6 " N , 14 ° 13 ′ 34" E
The Heeresmunitionsanstalt Löcknitz (short: Muna Löcknitz ) near Löcknitz , was an ammunition company for the production of grenades and a warehouse for ammunition and chemical weapons during the Second World War .
location and size
The army ammunition facility consisted of two operating areas
Plant part I
Plant part I was about 400 hectares in size, and conventional ammunition was filled and stored here. There were around 18 halls in the facility in which the ammunition was filled, ignited, tested and labeled. The ammunition was stored in around 100 bunkers.
Plant part II
Plant part II was located in the northern section of the Muna and was about 100 hectares in size, here chemical warfare agents, especially mustard and arsine oil in ammunition were filled and stored. The warfare agent was delivered by tank wagons from Halle ( Orgacid ) and Stassurt and stored in a warfare agent storage facility consisting of 7 cisterns with a total capacity of about 3000 m³. The warehouse for the finished warfare ammunition consisted of 8 bunkers.
history
The Heeresmunitionsanstalt Löcknitz was one of the 6 large chemical ammunition plants and stores of the German Empire ;
- Löcknitz, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- Dessau , Saxony-Anhalt
- Munster, Lower Saxony
- Lübbecke , North Rhine-Westphalia
- St. Georgen, Bavaria
- Halle-Ammendorf , Saxony-Anhalt
In the Muna Löcknitz, yellow cross and warfare agents for the nose and throat were stored and processed.
Start of construction of the plant in the Rothenklempenower Forest in 1936/37. In 1938, the Industrial Armaments Office ordered that a warfare agent filling plant and warfare agent store should be built. The plant was then of the group structure realization Montanindustrie GmbH of Heereswaffenamt performed.
- 1938 to 1945 operation of the Muna
- 1945 Handover to the Red Army
- 1945 to approx. 1955 the facility was blown up and rubble removed
- 1955 to 1990 [NVA] restricted area
- from 1992 studies on risk assessment
Contaminated sites
The Army Ammunition Plant in Löcknitz fell into the hands of the Soviet Army in 1945, presumably intact. According to a small inquiry , the federal government assumes that around 3000 m³ of liquid warfare agent is stored in seven warfare agent cisterns and possibly in some tank cars. The Soviet armed forces destroyed some of the warfare agents by moving them into pits and burning them with the addition of chlorinated lime . Between 1952 and 1954, a specialist company stored residual quantities found in a pit and covered one material in layers with chlorinated lime.
A soil analysis revealed the following soil pollution.
- PCDD = 85800 ng / kg toxicity equivalents ( TEQ )
- Arsenic = 287300 mg / kg soil
- Clark I = 1300 mg / kg
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Ansgar Brandt, Jürgen Beudt, Reiner Bousonville: Legacy armaments: investigation, sampling and restoration . Springer, Heidelberg 1997, ISBN 978-3-540-61187-5 , pp. 159 .
- ↑ Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wilfried J. Bartz, Wolfgang Spyra, Manfred Kurka: Legacy armaments: recording, initial assessment, exploration and risk assessment, rehabilitation, Volume 520 . Expert Verlag, Renningen-Malmsheim 1997, ISBN 3-8169-1426-8 , p. 102 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Contaminated sites using the example of the Löcknitz army ammunition facility. In: State Office for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Geology Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Retrieved August 18, 2020 .
- ↑ Small inquiry: Printed matter 13/2733
- ^ B. Markert, K. Friese: Trace Elements: Their Distribution and Effects in the Environment . Elsevier, Oxford 2000, ISBN 0-444-50532-6 , pp. 222 .