Hunneschan's ceramics
The Hunneschans ceramic , also Hunenschans ceramic is an independent earthen type of goods that the late phase of Badorfer ceramic is assigned. It was produced in the 9th century in various pottery centers on the eastern edge of the Rhineland foothill threshold. Characteristic for vessels of the late Carolingian Hunneschans ware is a yellowish body , a chalky surface as well as a decoration of roller stamp decoration and red finger stroke painting. It is archaeologically verifiable at numerous late Carolingian settlement sites in northwestern Europe and is therefore an important time marker for medieval archeology .
It was named after the Uddel- Hunneschans site , an early medieval fortification on the Uddelermeer in the Netherlands. This ceramic was first discovered here in 1908 by Jan H. Holwerda during an archaeological excavation and described as an independent type of product.
development
The Hunneschans goods still have the clear characteristics of Badorf ceramics. The vessels do not yet have a stand ring. The decor consists of a roller stamp ornament, which has been supplemented by the application of red paint. The color decoration consists of parallel lines typical of Hunneschans goods, which were applied in groups of four with the fingertips. Sometimes the lines begin with a fingertip. The light yellow body does not yet contain any or only a little fine sand, which makes the surface feel chalky. In the 10th century, Hunneschan's goods were replaced by Pingsdorf ceramics .
The range of shapes mainly consists of bulbous serving vessels such as cups and spout vessels.
Find places
An important find for the classification of Hunneschan's ceramics were vessels that were discovered in 1965 during archaeological excavations in St. Walburga in Meschede . When the church was built around the year 900, the vessels were used as sound vessels . Unfortunately, only parts of these finds have been published so far. In addition to a few unpainted Badorf vessels, the Hunneschans goods seem to make up the majority of the finds. In the find inventory, however, there are already vessels that have to be addressed as Pingsdorf ceramics. The Meschede site could therefore be evidence that the Hunneschans goods were still widespread in the late 9th century, but had already been replaced by the Pingsdorf goods.
Other important find places of the Hunneschans Ware are Dorestad and the Viking settlement Haitabu on the Schlei.
A comprehensive publication of this product group is still pending.
Remarks
- ↑ Holwerda 1909.
- ^ Wilhelm Winkelman: Meschede. In: Westfälische Forschungen 19, 1966, pp. 135-136; Wilhelm Winkelman: Everything hollow sounds better. In: Kölner Römer-Illustrierte 2, 1975, pp. 233-234; Uwe Lobbedey : Comments on the sound vessels in St. Walpurga, Meschede (Westphalia). In: Arnold Wolff (ed.): The cathedral excavation Cologne. Colloquium on building history and archeology 1984 in Cologne. Studies on Cologne Cathedral 2, Cologne 1996, pp. 239–247.
- ^ Willem Albertus van Es , Willem JH Verwers: Excavations at Dorestad 1 - The Harbor: Hoogstraat I. Nederlandse Oudheden 9. ROB / RCE, Amersfoort 1980.
- ^ Walter Janssen : The imported ceramics from Haithabu. (= Excavations in Haithabu 9). Neumünster 1987, p. 114 ff.
literature
- Jan H. Holwerda: Hunneschans bij het Uddelermeer . In: Oudheidkundige Mededelingen van het Rijksmuseum van Oudheden te Leiden 3, 1909, pp. 1-51.
- Christoph Keller: Badorf, Walberberg and Hunneschans. The temporal structure of Carolingian ceramics from the Cologne-Bonn foothills. In: Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt 34, 2004, pp. 125-137.
- Jacques GN Renaud: Quelques remarques concernant le "Hunneschans" au lac d'Uddel. In: De versterkte woning en de materiële beschaving in de middeleeuwen. Colloquium Gent; August 18-25, 1968. Negotiating the Maatschappij voor Geschiedenis en Oudheidkunde te Gent. Chateau Galliard 4, Gent 1968, pp. 191-199.