Ilinden (organization)
The organization Ilinden ( Bulgarian Илинденска организация / Ilindenska organisazija), IO for short, was a cultural organization of the Macedonian Bulgarians (Bulgarian refugees from the region of Macedonia ) and was a member of the Federation of Macedonian Cultural Associations in Bulgaria . The organization existed between 1921 and 1947, when it was banned under pressure from Yugoslavia during the communist regime . The organization was based in the Bulgarian capital Sofia .
history
The organization was officially founded on December 16, 1920 by veterans of the Ilinden Preobraschenie uprising and former members of the BMARK . Bulgaria was overcrowded with refugees from Macedonia after losing World War I. The Organization Ilinden was in accordance with its articles of association is independent of other political parties and movements organization. The name of the organization was derived from the name of the uprising.
The first local club was founded on April 3, 1921 in Sofia with Krum Sografow as club president. Soon after the organization was founded, she was able to set up local Ilinden associations among the refugees across the country. By the end of 1922, 31 local associations with around 4,340 members had been formed. The Ilinden organization was more founded as an umbrella organization for the local cultural associations. In January 1923 the founding meeting could then be held in Sofia. The organization was then headed by a seven-person body. During the meeting the establishment of the newspaper Ilinden (1921–1926) with editor-in-chief Arsenij Jowkow was decided. Later organizational print media were the newspapers “20. July "(bulg. 20 юли) and" Pirin "(bulg. Пирин, named after the Pirin Mountains ), and the magazine Ilinden (1927–1944).
A year later, Todor Alexandrow , chairman of the IMRO (successor organization of the BMARK) called for Arsenij Jowkow and Georgi Zankow to be expelled from the Ilinden organization. Alexandrov suspected them in connection with the communist forces, which at that time tried to infiltrate both organizations. Todor Alexandrov was murdered on August 31, 1924. His successor at the head of IMRO, Ivan Mochajlow, then also suspected the IO leadership and had them persecuted.
After the coup of May 19, 1934 , all organizations, parties and associations in Bulgaria were banned. This ban also applied to the IO, but they could pursue their activities to a limited extent. After the end of the Second World War and the seizure of power by the communists in Bulgaria, the 1944 edition of the Ilinden magazine was published. On July 21, 1945, a new leadership was elected under pressure from the Bulgarian Communist Party (BKP for short). The new leadership, which was loyal to the BKP, then decided that the IO should join the Fatherland Front. When the BKP implemented the decisions of the Communist International regarding the nation building of the Macedonian nation and had the population of the geographical region Macedonia in Bulgaria, as well as the Macedonian Bulgarians proclaimed Macedonians, the Ilinden organization was banned under pressure from the Yugoslav communists. At this point in time, the incorporation of Bulgaria into Yugoslavia was discussed between the communist leaders Georgi Dimitrov and Tito , but this was not realized after Stalin's intervention . Later the Bulgarian Communist Party returned from the “pro-Macedonian” policy and the people of the Bulgarian part of Macedonia were given their right to self-determination back, but the ban on the Ilinden organization remained in force.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Stefan Troebst: The Macedonian Century. , Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, 2007, ISBN 9783486580501 , p. 153
- ↑ Article Илинденска организация in the encyclopedia History Bulgaria (from the Bulgarian История на България), Trud publishing house
- ↑ Encyclopedia Pirinski Kraj (Bulgarian "Пирински край"), Volume 1, p. 379
- ↑ Björn Opfer: In the Shadow of War: Occupation or Anschluss - Liberation or Oppression? ; a comparative study of the Bulgarian rule in Vardar-Macedonia 1915-1918 and 1941-1944 , LIT Verlag Münster, 2005, p. 175
- ↑ Stefan Troebst: The Macedonian Century: From the Beginnings of the National Revolutionary Movement to the Agreement of Ohrid 1893-2001 , p. 420
- ↑ Aleksandar Grabenarow: Legal and illegal organizations of the Macedonian refugees in Bulgaria (1918-1947) from the Bulgarian Легални и тайни организации на македонските, бекедонските, бекедонските1, 1938, p