Independent power producer

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

As Independent Power Producer (German Independent Power Producer ), short IPP are international in the electricity industry such operators of power plants designated and other plants for power generation, as opposed to "classical" power company ( English public utility ) not have its own power grid have to the produced electrical energy to ( "current") transmitted and to end users to distribute .

The IPPs feed their electricity into the network of a network operator and either receive a contractually or, in some countries, statutory feed-in tariffs , or they sell their electricity directly to another buyer (trader or consumer) under a power purchase agreement . In the second case, the network operator receives a network usage fee from the IPP for the transmission of electricity.

In contrast to "classic", often wholly or partially public electricity suppliers with a public supply mandate ( basic supplier ), IPPs are all private companies. Since the energy markets were liberalized in many countries in the 1990s and power generation companies were forced to open their grids to external feed-in, IPPs have become more common. Since in many countries the classic electricity suppliers have now been unbundled along the value chain of electricity generation, transmission and distribution and electricity generation has been outsourced to legally separate companies, the boundary to the IPPs is becoming increasingly blurred.

literature

  • Lars Jendrian: User fees for electrical energy distribution networks (=  Duisburger Betriebswirtschaftliche Schriften . Volume 26 ). Erich-Schmidt-Verlag, 2002, ISBN 3-503-06679-9 .
  • Daniel Wolter, Egon Reuter: Price and trading concepts in the electricity industry: From the beginnings of the electricity industry to the establishment of an electricity exchange . Springer-Verlag, 2005, ISBN 3-8244-0765-5 .
  • Ulrich Steger, Ulrich Büdenbender, Eberhard Feess, Dieter Nelles: The regulation of electrical networks: Open questions and possible solutions (=  Ethics of Science and Technology Assessment . Volume 32 ). Springer Science & Business Media, 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-68417-6 .
  • Claus Möllinger: Ownership unbundling of the transmission grids with special consideration of the 3rd internal market package for energy (=  Mannheim contributions to public law and tax law . Volume 31 ). Peter-Lang-Verlag, 2009, ISBN 978-3-631-59335-6 .

Web links