Industry in the municipality of Fels

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article or section needs to be revised. Please help to improve it , and then remove this flag.

This article describes the industry in the municipality of Fels .

Textile industry in the rock

history

The textile industry in the municipality of Fels goes back to the 14th century, when cloth making under Johann II von Fels already experienced an upswing. In 1343 John II received four looms from John the Blind, King of Bohemia and Count of Luxembourg . This is particularly noteworthy since other communities had to share a loom. The cloth making made use of the national wool and created the cloth in laborious manual labor. The largest turnover was made through production for the army, for example in 1749 when Maria-Theresa of Austria ordered that “all cloth for the army in the country was bought. Between 1750 and 1790 there were around 15-20 families of clothiers in Fels. They produced more than 20,000 meters of fabric for the Austrian and later for the French army "

After the cloth-making industry suffered a severe economic crisis during the French Revolution, 15 factories were established in Fels from 1820, from spinning to clothing factories.

Factories

The factories that dominated Fels from the 20th century, including the “Draperies de Larochette SARL” cloth factory, the “Vestimenta SA” clothing factory and the “JP Ginter-Ginter” clothing factory, almost all followed the same economic path. The textile industry of the 19th and 20th centuries Century gained an initial boom through the First World War and the manufacture of uniforms for the military. After the war, z. B. the clothing factory "Vestimenta SA" with the production of work uniforms for post office and rail over water. When the Second World War broke out, the textile factories were confiscated and their production had to be switched back to the military. In the post-war period there was great demand for trousers and work clothing, which actually helped the textile industry to flourish. The rise of jeans, the displacement by large corporations and the abolition of customs and licensing requirements for cheap trousers from developing countries made the textile industry a lot of trouble. So the last textile factory, the "JP Ginter-Ginter clothing factory", was closed in 1985 after 111 years of activity.

Vestimenta SA

In 1920 the building of the former wire drawing "Trefila" by Mr. Edgar Delmarque became a factory for workwear rebuilt. In the mid-1930s, the factory came into the possession of the Jewish businessmen Hermann Margulis and Eric Lewandowski, who were forced to leave Luxembourg with 300 other Jewish housemates after the German invasion in May 1940. The company was also immediately confiscated.

Ownership of the factory was uncertain. The Germans wanted to use their own civil administrator, but this was not possible because 75% of the stock corporation belonged to the Americans. The latter thus appointed a Mr. Holland as manager of the factory. After the war, in May 1945, the original owners Margulis and Lewandowski returned from their French exile near Cavaillon and rebuilt the factory again. Due to the great demand for trousers in the post-war years, the premises had to be expanded in 1952 and new machines bought. “The production plan included the manufacture of all types of trousers and work clothing.” The period from 1952 to 1962 represents the heyday of “Vestimenta SA”, during which it rose to become the largest clothing factory in the rock. By the beginning of the crisis in 1962, the “Vestimenta Pants” had made a name for themselves in Luxembourg. Despite numerous attempts to keep up with the international market, low prices from developing countries and major international corporations caught up with the Luxembourg factory. An attempt was made to stay afloat with short-time work and a small number of 30 employees, but the clothing factory "Vestimenta SA" had to close its doors in October 1984.

Draperies de Larochette s.à.rl

The factory in Scheerbach was built in 1856 by Jean and Charles Knaff. The spinning mill had to be housed in Ernzen in the meantime (1856–1870), as the Scheerbach did not provide enough water power to supply the spinning mill with a water supply. Only after 1971 could the spinning mill be housed in the actual factory building, thanks to the purchase of a steam engine. In 1894 the cloth factory had to file for bankruptcy and in 1906 it became the property of the Ginter family at auction. With Mr. August Ginter as manager, the factory was renamed “Draperies de Larochette s.à.rl” and received an all-round modernization. “They now wove tirteys, flannel, loden, cachat and molleton cloth, as well as blankets in all colors” During the First World War, the factory produced for the German army. On October 26, 1915, the "drapery" suffered a severe blow: the spinning mill burned down completely. In 1920 the interior fittings and the spinning mill of the cloth factory were back on track and operations ran smoothly. After the takeover of Paul Ginter in 1932 and the onset of World War II, the factory was again under German command. As with the clothing factory “Vestimenta SA”, the post-war years can also be described as the best years of the factory. At the beginning of the 1950s, the company specialized in the production of uniform fabrics for "the administration of the country, such as the army, post office, railway, etc., which soon developed into an integral part of production". In 1962 the spinning mill was shut down due to lack of use. "The" jeans "and the" anorak "replaced fluffy trousers and sports jackets."

The most unpleasant event came in 1967 with the abolition of the army. The army deliveries had made up two thirds of production by then and the loss of them dealt the factory the fatal blow. On March 10th, the “Draperies de Larochette s.à.rl” was closed or, to put it in the words of Georges Ginter, “On that day at 5.30pm, the din of the looms in Fels ceased forever.

Ernzer quarries

history

Founding share of SA Carrière d'Ernzen- Larochette from June 28, 1900

The rock's sandstone has been used by the rock since time immemorial. When Luxembourg finally achieved independence in the 19th century, the country also flourished economically. At that time, Ernzen was not of great importance on an international or national level. However, it seemed that Prince Prosper von Arenberg used the stones from Ernzerberg to rebuild his Meyenburg castle. Due to the emerging activity in the textile sector and industrialization, rock appeared as the immediate purpose thanks to its unlimited postponement of material. The quarries on the Ernzerberg were acquired in 1897 by the industrialist Charles Bettendorf, who ultimately bought seven hectares of this area. The SA Carrière d'Ernzen-Larochette was founded around 1900 , with its headquarters in Bruges. The establishment of the company SA Montfort in 1899 was also of great importance for the Ernzer quarries, because thanks to this the almost exclusively handcrafted production could now flourish with the help of machines. Finally, in 1913, the SA de Montfort took over the quarry until the 1950s. However, from 1914 it began to be difficult for the Ernzer quarries. The number of employees fell to 51. Due to the military occupation, the construction industries stagnated, because the military industry had priority. The export was also practically non-existent. When in 1930 the headquarters of SA Monfort threatened to permanently close their quarries in Ernzen, the state finally sponsored several orders, so that the situation had improved significantly by 1932. When the Second War finally broke out and the company was classified as enemy property and thus expropriated, the quarry received a major order. In the post-war period, the SA found itself in trouble again. In the 1960s, the number of employees had dropped to 25. This can be explained by the fact that metal, concrete and glass were more in demand in modern buildings. In 1979, Carrières Feidt finally agreed to buy the company and SA Monfort was finally dissolved.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Zimmer, John. The Fels castle: its building history (éd. Les amis du château de Larochette), Luxembourg: Sankt Paulus-Druckerei, 1990, p. 14.
  2. ↑ Ginter, Georges. Rock and its textile industry.150e anniversaire Société philharmonique Larochette (éd. Société philharmonique Larochette), 1988, pp. 117–121.
  3. ↑ Ginter, Georges. The cloth factory "Draperies de Larochette s.à.rl: wool dyeing-spinning-weaving and finishing". 150e anniversaire Société philharmonique Larochette (éd. Société philharmonique Larochette), 1988, pp. 122-128.
  4. ↑ Ginter, Georges. The clothing factory "Vestimenta SA". 150e anniversaire Société philharmonique Larochette (éd. Société philharmonique Larochette), 1988, pp. 129-132.
  5. ↑ Ginter, Georges. The clothing factory "JP Ginter-Ginter.150e anniversaire Société philharmonique Larochette (éd. Société philharmonique Larochette), 1988, pp. 133-134.
  6. ↑ Ginter, Georges. The clothing factory "Vestimenta SA". 150e anniversaire Société philharmonique Larochette (éd. Société philharmonique Larochette), 1988, p. 131.
  7. ↑ Cf. Ginter, Georges. The clothing factory "Vestimenta SA". 150e anniversaire Société philharmonique Larochette (éd. Société philharmonique Larochette), 1988, pp. 129-132.
  8. ↑ Ginter, Georges. The cloth factory "Draperies de Larochette s.à.rl: wool dyeing-spinning-weaving and finishing". 150e anniversaire Société philharmonique Larochette (éd. Société philharmonique Larochette), 1988, p. 123.
  9. ↑ Ginter, Georges. The cloth factory "Draperies de Larochette s.à.rl: wool dyeing-spinning-weaving and finishing". 150e anniversaire Société philharmonique Larochette (éd. Société philharmonique Larochette), 1988, p. 127.
  10. ↑ Ginter, Georges. The cloth factory "Draperies de Larochette s.à.rl: wool dyeing-spinning-weaving and finishing". 150e anniversaire Société philharmonique Larochette (éd. Société philharmonique Larochette), 1988, p. 127.
  11. ↑ Ginter, Georges. The cloth factory "Draperies de Larochette s.à.rl: wool dyeing-spinning-weaving and finishing". 150e anniversaire Société philharmonique Larochette (éd. Société philharmonique Larochette), 1988, p. 128.
  12. ↑ See Ginter, Georges. The cloth factory "Draperies de Larochette s.à.rl: wool dyeing-spinning-weaving and finishing". 150e anniversaire Société philharmonique Larochette (éd. Société philharmonique Larochette), 1988, pp. 122-128.

literature

  • Room, john. The Fels castle: its building history (éd. Les amis du château de Larochette), Luxembourg: Sankt Paulus-Druckerei, 1990.
  • Ginter, Georges. The clothes factory Vestimenta SA (éd. Société philharmonique Larochette). 150e anniversaire Société philharmonique Larochette, 1988, pp. 129-132.
  • Ginter, Georges. The clothing factory JP Ginter-Ginter (éd. Société philharmonique Larochette). 150e anniversaire Société philharmonique Larochette, 1988, pp. 133-134.
  • Ginter, Georges. The cloth factory "Draperies de Larochette s.à.rl: wool dyeing, spinning, weaving and finishing". (éd. Société philharmonique Larochette). 150e anniversaire Société philharmonique Larochette, 1988, pp. 122-128.

Web links