Industrial research

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The industrial research (including industrial research ) is the scientific and engineering-based discussion of practical issues that arise mostly from the economic objectives of the institution. Industrial research is carried out by larger companies that have an interest in technological progress and practical knowledge. The transition to applied research at universities, independent institutes and other institutions is fluid and becomes less significant the more the university sector opens up to industry.

In many cases, the state supports industrial research with financial means from the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (formerly Federal Ministry for Research and Technology) and other budgets. Funding is also possible through the Industrial Research Foundation (founded in 1974). The European Union also promotes industrial research and distinguishes it from basic research and "experimental development" on the one hand and from "process innovation" and "operational innovation" on the other.

literature

  • Gerhard Heske: East German Industrie / Industrie Ostdeutschlands 1950-2000. Historical Social Research 38 (2013) 4.
  • David A. Hounshell, John Kenly Smith Jr: Science and Corporate Strategy: Du Pont R and D, 1902–1980. University Press, Cambridge 1988.
  • Thomas Hughes : The Invention of America. The technological rise of the USA since 1870. CH Beck, Munich 1991.
  • Ulrich Marsch: Between science and business. Industrial research in Germany and Great Britain, 1880–1936. Schöningh, Paderborn 2000.
  • David F. Noble : America by design. Science, Technology, and the Rise of Corporate Capitalism. University Press, Oxford 1979.
  • Birger P. Priddat , Klaus-W. West (ed.): The modernity of industry. Metropolis, 2012.
  • Leonard S. Reich: The Making of American Industrial Research: Science and Business at GE and Bell, 1876-1926. University Press, Cambridge 2002.
  • Ulrich Schmoch: University research and industrial research: Perspectives of interaction. Campus, Frankfurt am Main 2003.
  • Renate Tobies , Annette B. Vogt: Women in Industrial Research. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2014, ISBN 978-3-515-10670-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Community framework for state aid for research, development and innovation (2006 / C 323/01) (PDF) in the Official Journal of the European Union of 30 December 2006.