Inventory of Depressive Symptoms

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The Depressive Symptoms Inventory (IDS) is a scale used to assess depression . It was first used by the Americans Rush et al. 1986 published under the name "Inventory of Depressive Symptoms" in a third-party ( IDS-C ) and a self -assessment version ( IDS-SR ) with 28 items each (~ individual tasks). In 1996 they revised the test and expanded it to 30 items. There are meanwhile translations in German for all versions.

Test setup

Four different statements are made on different areas that experience has shown to be often impaired in the course of depressive illnesses, which are rated with 0 to 3 points. The determined degree of depression results from the total number of points at the end of the test.

The statements relate to: falling asleep, staying asleep, waking up early, length of sleep, sad mood / depressed mood, irritable mood, anxiety / tension, deflectability of mood, daily fluctuations, mood quality, loss or increase in appetite, weight loss or gain, concentration / ability to make decisions , self-esteem, Future expectations, thoughts of death / suicide , activities, energy levels, enjoyment / joy (except sexual activity), sexual interest, slowing down, feeling restless, physical complaints, vegetative complaints, panic / anxiety attacks, stomach / intestinal complaints, interpersonal sensitivity and physical heaviness.

evaluation

For the evaluation, all values ​​of the individual statements are added and then compared with cut-off values. In the self-assessment version, a person with a test value between 0 and 13 points is considered non-depressive, between 14 and 25 as mildly depressed, between 26 and 38 as moderately depressed, between 39 and 48 as severely depressed and from 49 as particularly severe depressive.

Comparative presentation and criticism

The diagnostic criteria required by DSM-IV and ICD-10 can be ascertained reliably and in a short time (~ 20 minutes) using the IDS. It fulfills all requirements with regard to the objectivity required for psychological test procedures (independence of the test results from the test situation and the test administrators), reliability (formal reliability or measurement accuracy), validity ( validity of content) and practicability (scientific economy). It proves to be equivalent to superior to the standard tests Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) . A special feature is the very good comparability of external and self-assessments and the balanced distribution of the individual items, thanks to the duplication of the test. Almost exclusively, the somewhat excessive reference to sleep disorders, which can also have other causes, is criticized.

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