Jewish winter aid

The Jüdische Winterhilfe was an aid organization for Jewish communities and associations, which was financed by donations and taxes from Jewish taxpayers in order to be able to provide support to those in need. The Jewish Winter Aid was formed at the end of 1935 after the Winter Aid of the German People had excluded the so-called full Jews from all services.

activity

After the Nuremberg Race Laws in September 1935 had disqualified Jews as “members of non-racial people”, they were no longer to participate in the Winter Aid of the German People (WHW). Only Jewish mixed race and families in need from mixed marriages with a “German-blooded head of household” continued to receive support from the WHW.

As a result, the Jewish Winter Aid was officially founded on October 30, 1935 . The head of the winter relief organization, Erich Hilgenfeldt , transferred donations and taxes from Jewish sources that had been received by the winter relief organization in the previous months as start-up aid.

The Jewish Winter Aid rose staggered donations from Jewish taxpayers and independent business people who campaigned for donations, organized collections at Stew Sundays and called for a Hanukkah - pound donation to. Two thirds of the income came from compulsory contributions, namely 10% of wage tax, 8% of wealth tax and 1% of assessed income tax per month.

According to the annual accounts, 3.6 million Reichsmarks were collected throughout the entire Reich in 1935/36. The following income was generated for the Hamburg area:

1935/36 242,400 RM
1936/37 228,000 RM
1937/38 216,700 RM
1938/39 102,300 RM
1939/40 48,400 RM
1940/41 74,000 RM

In 1936/37, Jüdische Winterhilfe registered exactly 82,818 people in need, around 35% of them in Berlin. They were given food, fuel or clothing. In addition, there were cheap meals in some places in the welfare kitchens of the Jewish Winter Aid.

In 1939, the Jüdische Winterhilfe , which was run by numerous volunteers and only a few paid full-time employees, was organizationally subordinated to the Reich Association of Jews in Germany and dissolved together with it in June 1943.

literature

Ina Lorenz, Jörg Berkemann : The Hamburg Jews in the Nazi State 1933 to 1938/39. Göttingen 2016, Vol. 3, ISBN 978-3-8353-1811-3 , pp. 313–334.

Web links

Individual evidence

↑ The persecution and murder of European Jews by National Socialist Germany 1933–1945 , Vol. 1 (1933–1937), Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-486-58480-6 , p. 615 (Doc. 254).
↑ Ina Lorenz, Jörg Berkemann: The Hamburg Jews ... , Vol. 3, p. 325.
↑ Wolf Gruner: Public welfare and the persecution of the Jews. Munich 2002, ISBN 978-3-486-56613-0 , p. 87.

[1] The persecution and murder of European Jews by National Socialist Germany 1933–1945 , Vol. 1 (1933–1937), Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-486-58480-6 , p. 615 (Doc. 254).

[2] Ina Lorenz, Jörg Berkemann: The Hamburg Jews ... , Vol. 3, p. 325.

[3] Wolf Gruner: Public welfare and the persecution of the Jews. Munich 2002, ISBN 978-3-486-56613-0 , p. 87.