Jewish seminar for kindergarten teachers and after-school care workers in Berlin
The Jewish seminar for kindergarten teachers and after-school care workers was launched in 1934 as a cooperation project between the Jewish Women's Association and the Reich Representation of German Jews .
history
Cora Berliner and Hannah Karminski were instrumental in founding the seminar . Since, since April 1933, in accordance with the law passed by the National Socialist government against the overcrowding of German schools and universities , Jewish girls and women could no longer be admitted to non-Jewish kindergarten teachers' seminars, it was imperative to establish a Jewish training center for kindergarten teachers To set up after-school care workers, to which from 1937 one-year and six-month courses for the introduction to child care were connected. The German-Israeli journalist and author Inge Deutschkron completed the one-year child care course.
The training period was two years. Girls and women who were 17 years old, had previous or at least previous knowledge of household economics and had a high school or high school education were accepted. The scientific lessons extended to the subjects of history, pedagogy, psychology, educational theory, educational literature, health studies, contemporary studies, Jewish history and Judaism, youth literature, natural and cultural studies, German and Hebrew. The technical subjects included the following areas: gymnastics and movement games (including rhythm), music, handicraft lessons, drawing, modeling, writing and needlework. The practical subjects included kindergarten and after-school care, housekeeping, cooking and gardening.
In 1935 the seminar received state recognition. This was very necessary, because in the case of emigration, the training was also recognized abroad. In April 1942, the training center, which began its work at Meinekestrasse 10 and moved to Wagenheimstrasse 36 in Berlin-Grunewald in April 1937 , finally had to cease operations after two further moves from Marburgerstrasse 5 to Wilsnackerstrasse 3.
In addition to the seminar of the Jewish Women's Association and the Jewish Reich Representation, there was also a private kindergarten teacher seminar in Berlin, which was headed by Nelly Wolffheim and which was closed in 1939. The two seminars did not work together.
Leaders
Lina Wolff, who emigrated to the USA in 1938, took over the leadership of the seminar. Her successor was the non-Jewish Margarete Fraenkel . She headed the training facility until at least the end of January 1942. The last two leaders were Rosa Primker and Dora Silbermann.
literature
- Gudrun Maierhof: Assertiveness in chaos. Women in Jewish Self-Help 1933–1943. Frankfurt / Main 2002, pp. 241-254.
- Magdalena Thorun: The Jewish seminar for kindergarten teachers, after-school care workers and nannies in Berlin (1934–1942). Berlin 2004 (unpublished diploma thesis).
- Gudrun Maierhof: They forgot us. Training of Jewish kindergarten teachers and after-school care workers in National Socialist Germany. In: Sozial Extra , issue 7/8 2008, pp. 51–54.
- Inge Deutschkron: I wore the yellow star. Autobiography. 1978.