Shodo
Shodō ( Japanese 書 道 , literally: "way of writing") is the Chinese calligraphy adopted in Japan . The basics, so the line forms, the characters themselves, the aesthetics , the fonts seal script ( 篆書 tensho ), italics (semi-cursive script, 行書 Gyosho ), cursive script ( 草書 sōsho ), clerical script ( 隷書 reisho ) and regular script ( 楷書 kaisho ) and the tools of paper, ink and brush were adopted from China around the 6th to 7th centuries.
Today, creating a Shodō work of art is primarily about expressive representation and the achievement of personal expression.
Basics of Japanese calligraphy
Characteristic of Japanese calligraphy is the firmly defined frame that determines every work: both the work material and process as well as the characters and their stroke sequence are precisely defined. Thus, every work is about the interpretation of these specifications, similar to the interpretation of given musical notes . A calligraphy must also be completed in one go, because later extensions, changes or improvements are undesirable. This limits the process of creation very much in terms of time.
On the other hand, it enables the viewer to retrace the process of the creation and elaboration of a calligraphy and thus to rediscover the artist's personality in the work through the artist's interpretation.
Differences from Chinese calligraphy
The main difference with the development of Chinese calligraphy is that Japan did not have its own class of literary- officials and instead calligraphy was practiced by courtiers in Heian-kyō , by Buddhist monks and later by samurai officials. The delicate, precise style of the writers was very different from the impulsive, minimalist style of the samurai. The status of calligraphy was also different: calligraphy was only one of several art forms in Japan and has never achieved the status it had and still has in China. Nevertheless, calligraphy was and still is highly regarded as an art form in Japan.
In Japanese calligraphy, the Kanji character set is supplemented by the syllable katakana and, above all, hiragana . The hiragana developed from the italic Chinese grass script .
Styles
For advertising purposes were during the Edo period , the edomoji developed.
See also
literature
- Tomo Yoshihara: Japanese calligraphy for beginners. Knaur Ratgeber Verlag, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-426-66766-5 .
- Yuuko Suzuki: Introduction to japanese calligraphy , Search Press, 2005.
