Jesuits in Gdansk

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Jesuits stayed in Gdansk from 1589 to 1773 and since 1945.

Ignatius of Loyola Church in Old Scotland near Gdansk

history

From 1565 the first stay of a Jesuit is known in Danzig, who preached in the Brigittenkirche for three weeks. Since 1585 at least one Frater lived permanently in Gdansk. In 1589 several moved into the rectory ( rectory ) of the Marienkirche . They were allowed to hold their services in the Ursulakapelle of the Nikolaikirche of the Dominicans. The following year they were banned from doing so by the city council. Since then they have probably mainly used a house chapel in their residence at the Marienkirche.

The Jesuits were unpopular in the city, the council tried to stop their activities by all means. The Polish King and the Bishop of Włocławek, on the other hand, supported them to initiate a process of recatholization in the predominantly Protestant city. In 1592 the Jesuits in Old Scotland were able to set up a settlement at the gates of the city , as this belonged to the secular territory of the bishop and was beyond the legal control of the city. In that year they were also given the patronage of the Brigitten Monastery in Danzig and all their goods and possessions by the bishop. The following year the nuns were asked to leave the monastery. These resisted, the city council supported them with all legal means up to the royal court. In 1596 a Jesuit college was officially founded at the Brigittenkloster, but it was probably never actually taken over. After fierce resistance from nuns and the council, the Jesuits were temporarily removed from the vicinity of the monastery around 1613. In 1623, with the help of the king, they succeeded in reinstating a chaplain there and using the Maria Magdalenen chapel that was attached to it; in 1638/41 this was finally denied and the chapel was demolished.

Her only place of residence was the rectory of the Marienkirche. From 1681/83 they were allowed to use the Royal Chapel of St. Mary's Church, which led to tumult among the population. In the following decades there were repeated protests against the Jesuits in Gdansk.

In 1773 the order was canceled. After the re-registration in 1814, they were no longer able to establish a branch in the city.

Jesuit brothers have had a residence at the Heilig-Geist-Kirche since 1945, and they oversee the Andreas-Bobola-Kirche and until 1990 also the Bartholomäuskirche .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Arno Mentzel-Reuters , Stefan Samerski (Ed.): Castrum Sanctae Mariae. The Marienburg as a castle, residence and museum. (= Vestigia Prussica, 1), V&R Unipress, Göttingen, 2019. ISBN 3-8471-0883-2 . P. 375