Joint Polar Satellite System
The Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) is the latest generation of US environmental satellites .
description
JPSS will provide global environmental data for weather forecasting models and scientific data for climate monitoring. For this purpose, the JPSS satellites are equipped with a number of sensors that are designed to collect meteorological, oceanographic, climatological and solar-geophysical data on the ground, the oceans, the atmosphere and near-earth space. The data and images obtained by the JPSS are intended to increase the topicality and accuracy of public warnings and forecasts of climate and weather events. The system was developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), which is responsible for the operation of JPSS. Two to four satellites are planned. The launch date for the first satellite (excluding the NOAA / NASA partnership for Suomi NPP ), JPSS-1 , was scheduled for November 14, 2017, but was delayed several times before it finally launched on November 18, 2017. On November 21, 2017, JPSS-1 was renamed NOAA-20 after reaching its final orbit. It is planned that one to three more JPSS satellites will follow between 2021 and 2031.
The JPSS satellites are to gradually replace the previous ones of the POES constellation (POES = Polar Operational Environmental Satellite ).
A number of industrial partners are involved in the JPSS project, with Ball Aerospace selected as prime contractor for JPSS-1 and Orbital ATK for the construction of the JPSS-2 satellite. The instruments housed on both spacecraft are built by Ball Aerospace, Raytheon , Exelis and Northrop Grumman . The contracts to build the first two satellites were signed in 2012.
history
JPSS was launched by the White House in February 2010 following the dissolution of the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS). The original concept from the NPOESS program was split between the satellites of NOAA and the Defense Weather Satellite System (DWSS). The DWSS project was canceled in April 2012. Until a long-term replacement plan is in place, the military will continue to rely on the Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellite constellation .
An Independent Review Panel (IRT) was tasked with investigating and understanding the causes of delays in the program, with results released in 2012.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS): JPSS Series Satellites: Including JPSS-1, now called NOAA-20 | NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) , accessed December 16, 2017
- ↑ der-orion.com: Delta 2 - An era is drawing to a close , accessed on December 16, 2017
- ↑ Spaceflight101: JPSS-1 - JPSS-1 | Spaceflight101 , accessed December 16, 2017
- ↑ SpaceNews.com: White House Dissolves NPOESS Partnership in Blow to Northrop | SpaceNews.com , accessed December 16, 2017
- ↑ United States Government Accountability Office: Report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, House of Representatives - Changing Requirements, Technical Issues, and Looming Data Gaps Require Focused Attention , June 2012, accessed December 16, 2017